No abstract

No abstract

The versatility of debranched starch nanoparticles (DBS-NPs) has attracted considerable attention from the food, agricultural, and cosmetic industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DBSs with low (DP < 10), moderate (10 > DP < 20), and high (20 > DP < 25) DPs (where DP represents the degree of polymerization), as well as reaction temperatures (25, 60, and 90 °C) on size, morphology, crystal structure, and digestibility of the refined DBS-NPs via nanoprecipitation. Spherical DBS-NPs with a controlled size of 40–200 nm were obtained; no nanoparticles were observed when the average DP was <10. The relative crystallinity increased from 11.1% to 71.6% as the increasing the average DP increased. When the microsized DBSs were converted to nanoscale DBSs, the rapidly digestible starch levels of the DBS-NPs decreased, and the DBS-NPs showed remarkable increase in the sum of slowly digestible starch and resistant starch contents, compared to the responding DBS. Furthermore, the maximum encapsulation efficiency of curcumin in DBS-NPs reached up to 92.49%. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of curcumins in DBS-NPs were enhanced significantly, and their antioxidant stability was improved markedly when exposed to UV light or heat treatments.

No abstract

No abstract

Metal–phenolic network (MPN) coatings have generated increased interest because of their facile fabrication and biocompatibility, especially for safe and nontoxic. How to synthesize a novel, safe, biodegradable, and biocompatible material to replace synthetic materials is of interest in fields of food, biomedicine, and material science. In this study, we successfully fabricated two series of novel and multifunctional-modified starch nanoparticles (MPN@DBS-NPs and MPN@SNCs) by introducing MPN coatings to debranched starch nanoparticles (DBS-NPs) or starch nanocrystals (SNCs) based on the reaction coordinates of the tannic acid (TA) and iron ions. The resulting MPN@DBS-NP and MPN@SNC, each with a spherical shape, measured approximately 75–95 and 110–125 nm in diameter, respectively. Moreover, these nanoparticles provided a negligible release of TA at both a neutral pH (7.4) and an alkaline pH (9.0), as well as a highly efficient release at physiologically relevant acidic pH levels (1.2, 3.0, and 5.0). By utilizing the unique nature of TA, the functionalized surface modification strategy provided the DBS-NP and SNC with excellent antioxidant bioactivity. Notably, significant effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were observed. Cell assays confirmed that MPN@DBS-NP exhibited nontoxicity and high biocompatibility. Together, the cytocompatibility, antioxidant, and antibacterial characteristics of the novel pH-sensitive-modified starch make them promising candidates for food and biomedical applications.

(1) secondary caries was successfully produced in rats; (2) there was a correlation between the modified Keyes scoring method and micro-CT in the evaluation of the secondary caries; (3) the adhesive containing DMADDM significantly reduced both LD and ML (according to micro-CT), and also lowered the scores (based on the modified Keyes scoring method). This suggests that the novel DMADDM adhesive could perform an anticaries function in vivo via the secondary caries animal model which was also developed and testified in research. Secondary caries is one of the major reasons leading to the failure of caries restoration treatment. As a solution, anticaries adhesives perform well in biofilm inhibition in vitro. However, the lack of secondary caries animal models limits the evaluation of anticaries adhesives in vivo. Secondary caries is one of the main reasons for restoration failure with a heavy economic burden [Sakaguchi, 2005;Kasraei et al., 2017]. While many factors facilitate the development of secondary caries, oral bacteria and acid production are the initiators of dental caries [Mjor Keywords Antibacterial material · Bonding system · Dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate · Keyes animal model · Micro-CT · Tooth restoration AbstractWe investigated the anticaries properties of an adhesive containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) in vivo via a secondary caries animal model. Cavities were prepared in the maxillary first molars of Wistar rats. DMADDM-containing adhesives were applied on one side and commercial adhesives on the opposite side as a control. After a 3-week feeding period to induce secondary caries, the molars were harvested for the evaluation of the secondary caries. Lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were measured via a micro-CT method, and a modified Keyes scoring method yielded scores for the caries lesions. Statistical analysis was divided into 2 parts: a correlation analysis between 2 evaluations with one-way ANOVA and a least-significant differences (LSD) test, and an evaluation of anticaries adhesives with a paired samples t test. The results showed that:

No abstract