A bacterial strain designated CMJ-9T was isolated from a freshwater shrimp culture pond inTaiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain CMJ-9 T were strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, motile by a single polar flagellum, poly-b-hydroxybutyratecontaining and formed light-yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 10-37 6C (optimum, 20-30 6C), with 0-0.8 % NaCl (optimum, 0-0.1 %) and at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 6.0-7.0). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CMJ-9 T belonged to the genus Undibacterium, and its closest neighbour was Undibacterium seohonense SHS5-24 T , with 96.7 % sequence similarity. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 v7c and/or C 16 : 1 v6c) and C 16 : 0 . The major cellular hydroxy fatty acid was C 10 : 0 3-OH. The polar lipid profile consisted of the predominant lipids phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The polyamine profile was composed of the major compound putrescine and moderate amounts of 2-hydroxyputrescine. The major respiratory quinone was Q-8 and the DNA G+C content was 47.7 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strain CMJ-9 T should be classified within a novel species, for which the name Undibacterium macrobrachii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CMJ-9 T (5BCRC 80406 T 5LMG 26891 T 5KCTC 23916 T ).

A Gram-negative, short-rod-shaped, motile, non-spore-forming and poly-b-hydroxybutyrateaccumulating bacterial strain, designated wsw-7 T , was isolated from a freshwater shrimp culture

Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, yellow-pigmented rods surrounded by a thick capsule. Growth occurred at 20-35 6C (optimum, 30 6C), at pH 6.5-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-0.5 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CMJ-5 T belonged to the genus Flavobacterium and was related most closely to Flavobacterium haoranii LQY-7 T with sequence similarity of 94.4 %. Strain CMJ-5 T contained iso-C 15 : 0 (37.5 %), iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH (13.4 %), iso-C 15 : 0 3-OH (13.1 %) and iso-C 15 : 1 G (11.2 %) as the predominant fatty acids. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids and phospholipids. The major polyamine was homospermidine. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.4 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain CMJ-5 T should be classified as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Flavobacterium squillarum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CMJ-5 T (5BCRC 80405 T 5LMG 26890T 5KCTC 23915 T ). Emended descriptions of Flavobacterium haoranii, Flavobacterium cauense, Flavobacterium terrae and Flavobacterium aquatile are also proposed.The genus Flavobacterium (type species, Flavobacterium aquatile), first established by Bergey et al. (1923) and the description of which was significantly emended by Bernardet et al. (1996), is a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, phylum Bacteroidetes (Ludwig et al., 2011). Cells are Gramstain-negative rods that are non-motile or motile by gliding that form yellow-pigmented colonies. Menaquinone 6 (MK-6) is the major respiratory quinone, C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 1 G, iso-C 15 : 0 3-OH, summed feature 4 (iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH, C 16 : 1 v7c and/or C 16 : 1 v7t), iso-C 16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C 17 : 1 v9c and iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH are the predominant fatty acids, and the DNA G+C content is 30-52 mol% (Bernardet et al., 1996;Bernardet & Bowman, 2006Liu et al., 2010).Members of the genus are physiologically diverse (e.g. psychrophilic, psychrotolerant or mesophilic, halophilic, halotolerant or sensitive to salts). Flavobacterium strains have been reported from diverse habitats such as freshwater, seawater, sediment, soil, glacier, Antarctic lakes and wastewater treatment plants (Cousin et al., 2007;Park et al., 2007;Weon et al., 2007;Yoon et al., 2007;Qu et al., 2009;Zhang et al., 2010;Bernardet & Bowman, 2011;Lim et al., 2011;Sheu et al., 2011;Dong et al., 2012;Chen et al., 2013).During our investigations on the biodiversity of bacteria in the water of a freshwater shrimp culture pond (GPS location: 22 u 349 410 N 120 u 369 150 E; pH 8.5, 25 u C) in the vicinity of Pingtung city, southern Taiwan, a novel yellowpigmented bacterium, designated strain CMJ-5 T , was isolated and selected for detailed taxonomic analyses. Strain CMJ-5 T was isolated on R2A agar (BD Difco) after incubation at 30 u C for 3 days, subcultured under the same conditions and stored at 280 u C ...

A bacterial strain designated T was isolated from a freshwater shrimp culture pond inTaiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain CMJ-15 T were facultatively anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative and motile by a single polar flagellum and formed light-yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 20-40 6C (optimum, 25-30 6C), with 0-0.7 % NaCl (optimum, 0-0.2 %) and at pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 6.0-7.0). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CMJ-15 T belonged to the genus Undibacterium and its closest neighbour was Undibacterium oligocarboniphilum EM 1 T , with sequence similarity of 96.3 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 v7c and/or C 16 : 1 v6c), C 16 : 0 and C 18 : 1 v7c. The major cellular hydroxy fatty acid was C 10 : 0 3-OH. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The polyamine profile was composed of the major compound putrescine and moderate amounts of 2-hydroxyputrescine. The major respiratory quinone was Q-8 and the DNA G+C content was 52.2 mol%. On the basis of these phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strain CMJ-15 T should be classified as representing a novel species, for which the name Undibacterium squillarum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CMJ-15 T (5BCRC 80404 T 5LMG 26892T 5KCTC 23917 T ).

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile, non-spore-forming and poly-b-hydroxybutyrate-containing bacterial strain, designated NAFc-7 T , was isolated from groundwater in Taiwan and was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Growth occurred at 15-40 6C (optimum, 30 6C), at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 6.0-7.0) and with 0-3 % NaCl (optimum, 0-1 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NAFc-7 T , together with Pseudorhodoferax soli TBEA3 T (98.2 % sequence similarity) and Pseudorhodoferax caeni SB1 T (98.0 %), formed a deep line within the family Comamonadaceae. Strain NAFc-7 T contained summed feature 3 (comprising C 16 : 1 v7c and/or C 16 : 1 v6c), C 16 : 0 and C 17 : 0 cyclo as the predominant fatty acids. The major 3-hydroxy fatty acid was C 10 : 0 3-OH. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the DNA G+C content was 67.6 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and an uncharacterized phospholipid. The DNA-DNA relatedness of strain NAFc-7 T with respect to recognized species of the genus Pseudorhodoferax was less than 70 %.On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain NAFc-7 T represents a novel member of the genus Pseudorhodoferax, for which the name Pseudorhodoferax aquiterrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NAFc-7 T (5BCRC 80210 T 5LMG 26333The genus Pseudorhodoferax, belonging to the family Comamonadaceae within the order Burkholderiales of the class Betaproteobacteria, was proposed by Bruland et al. T using a polyphasic taxonomic approach.During the characterization of micro-organisms from groundwater (GPS location: 23 u 159140 N 120 u 109 580 E; pH 7.8, 29 u C, 0.1 % NaCl) in the Tainan countryside, Southern Taiwan, strain NAFc-7 T was isolated and selected for detailed analysis. Strain NAFc-7 T was isolated on R2A agar (BD Difco) plates after incubating at 25 u C for 3 days. Subcultivation was performed on R2A agar at 25 u C for 48-72 h. On this medium, strain T was able to grow at 4-40 u C. It was preserved at 280 u C in R2A broth with 20 % (v/v) glycerol or by lyophilization. P. soli TBEA3 T and P. caeni SB1 T were obtained from the Deutsche Sammlung