Highly dispersed Mn–Ce binary metal oxides supported on carbon nanofibers (MnOx–CeO2/CNFs(OX)) were prepared for Hg0 removal from coal-fired flue gas. The loading value of the well-dispersed MnOx–CeO2 was much higher than those of many other reported supports, indicating that more active sites were loaded on the carbon nanofibers. In the present study, 30 wt % metal oxides (15 wt % MnOx and 15 wt % CeO2) were successfully deposited on the carbon nanofibers, and the sorbent yielded the highest Hg0 removal efficiency (>90%) within 120–220 °C under a N2/O2 atmosphere. An increase in the amount of highly dispersed metal oxides provided abundant active species for efficient Hg0 removal, such as active oxygen species and Mn4+ cations. Meanwhile, the carbon nanofiber framework provides the pathway for charge transfer during the heterogeneous Hg0 capture reaction processes. Under a N2+6%O2 atmosphere, a majority of Hg0 was removed via chemisorption reactions. The effects of flue gas composition were also investigated. O2 replenished the active oxygen species on the surface and thus greatly promoted the Hg0 removal efficiency. SO2 had an inhibitory effect on Hg0 removal, but NO facilitated Hg0 capture performance. Overall, carbon nanofibers seems to be a good candidate for the support and MnOx–CeO2/CNFs(OX) may be promising for Hg0 removal from coal-fired flue gas.
The corruption in the field of poverty alleviation not only hinders the performance of the government but also damages the vital interests of the poor, harms the image of the party and the country, and makes the poor people further impoverished. Based on the method of system dynamics, this paper analyzes the interaction of elements which influence village officials’ corruption, studies the formation mechanism of the corruption in poverty alleviation, and constructs an effective model to prevent the corruption. Based on the survey data of typical cases, the model was simulated and validated by the software of Vensim PLE. The study found that compared with other variables, the willingness of village officials to corrupt has the greatest impact on the amount of their corruption. Furthermore, it is found that the important factors that affect village officials’ corruption willingness are as in the following order: official culture, village officials’ thought, and prevention system.
Scientific research in colleges and universities is of great significance to national innovation. Based on the evolutionary game theory, this paper constructs a theoretical model of the state, universities, and researchers. This paper also conducts numerical simulation on the model. The results reveal that when the scientific researchers’ success rate reaches a certain threshold, more and more scientific researchers will choose to invest in scientific research. Then, universities and the state will hold a long-term incentive attitude toward scientific research and scientific innovation. The study further found that the greater the success rate of researchers, the faster universities and the state will actively encourage scientific research.
This paper presents a new decoration view functionalization of mesoporous silica to extend their applications to heavy metal ion removal. The study showed that Hacac can be incorporated into the structure through in-situ strategy, and the calcined Hacac-silica possesses advantages of high specific surface area of about 1496 m2/g and pore size of 4nm, ordered spheric morphology of about 300nm in diameter. Auxiliary by ultrasonic technology, the heavy metal ions remove rates are more than 95% for Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cr3+. More choice of chelating agents can be used for further functionalization of silica based mesoporous material.
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