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Variant hepatic artery anatomy in a liver transplant recipient increased the risk of hepatic artery complications after transplantation. The smaller caliber of the native common hepatic artery may contribute to the higher risk.

Endovascular treatment is a safe, effective, and very minimally invasive technique that provides good long-term patency rates for patients with NCS, and under the premise morphologic measurements, 14-mm-diameter, 60-mm-long self-expanding stents should be first considered for Chinese patients with NCS.

• Delayed haemorrhage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy occurs more than 24 hours postoperatively. • Angio-embolization is a safe and effective treatment for delayed post-PCNL haemorrhage. • Angio-embolization can treat hemodynamic instability and/or corrected haemoglobin decrease >30 g/L.

Introduction-The α-fibrinogen Thr312Ala variant has been shown to influence clot structure through increased factor XIII cross-linking and formation of thicker fibrin fibers. However, the effect of this common variant on risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unclear. This paper reports the association between the Thr312Ala variant and VTE in the LITE study.

Background:Cesarean section (CS) is an independent risk factor for placenta accreta. Some researchers think that the timing of primary cesarean delivery is associated with placenta accreta in subsequent pregnancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of placenta accreta following primary CS without labor, also called primary elective CS, in a pregnancy complicated with placenta previa.Methods:A retrospective, single-center, case-control study was conducted at Peking University Third Hospital. Relevant clinical data of singleton pregnancies between January 2010 and September 2017 were recorded. The case group included women with placenta accreta who had placenta previa and one previous CS. Control group included women with one previous CS that was complicated with placenta previa. Maternal age, body mass index, gestational age, fetal birth weight, gravity, parity, induced abortion, the rate of women received assisted reproductive technology, other uterine surgery, and primary elective CS were analyzed between the two groups.Results:The rate of primary elective CS (90.1% vs. 69.9%, P < 0.001) was higher, and maternal age was younger (32.7 ± 4.7 years vs. 34.6 ± 4.0 years, P < 0.001) in case group, compared with control group. Case group also had higher gravity and induced abortions compared with the control group (both P < 0.05). Primary CS without labor was associated with significantly increased risk of placenta accreta in a subsequent pregnancy complicated with placenta previa (odds ratio: 3.32; 95% confidential interval: 1.68–6.58).Conclusion:Women with a primary elective CS without labor have a higher chance of developing an accreta in a subsequent pregnancy that is complicated with placenta previa.

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is the third leading cause of death in cardiovascular diseases. PTE is believed to be caused by thrombi detached from deep veins of lower extremities. The thrombi travel with systemic circulation to the lung and block pulmonary arteries, leading to sudden disruption of hemodynamics and blood gas exchange. However, this concept has recently been challenged by accumulating evidence demonstrating that de novo thrombosis may be formed in pulmonary arteries without deep venous thrombosis. On the other hand, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), a subtype of pulmonary hypertension, could have different pathogenesis than traditional PTE. Therefore, this article summarized and compared the risk factors, the common and specific pathogenic mechanisms underlying PTE, in situ pulmonary artery thrombosis, and CTEPH at molecular and cellular levels, and suggested the therapeutic strategies to these diseases, aiming to facilitate understanding of pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and precision therapeutics of the three pulmonary artery thrombotic diseases.

Recently, the self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) has been added to our armamentarium. However, in the case presented here placement of the self-expandable metallic stent had catastrophic consequences 11 months later. We are of the opinion that airway stent placement may result in severe complications including clinical infection, and if it must be deployed, the proper size and positioning of the stent is always of the utmost importance.