This article explores the innovative practices of actors specifically mandated to support interactions between academic researchers and their partners from the community during public health participatory research. Drawing on the concept of translation as developed in actor-network theory and found in the literature on knowledge transfer and the sociology of intermediate actors, we build a theorybased model of the translation practices developed by these actors at the interface between community and university. We refine this model by using it to analyse material from two focus groups comprising participants purposively selected because they work at the nexus between research and practice. Our model of translation practices includes cognitive (dealing with the contents of the research), strategic (geared to facilitating the research process and balancing power relationships among the partners) and logistic practices (the hands-on tasks of coordination). Combined, these three types of translation practices demonstrate that actors working at the interface in participatory research contribute to multidirectional exchanges and the co-construction of knowledge among research partners. Beyond the case of participatory research, theorising translation practices helps understand how knowledge is produced at the interface between academic and experiential (or lay) knowledge.
L 'écriture de l'individu moderne demeure un des problèmes majeurs de la théorie sociologique alors même que celle-ci s'efforce de ne pas s'enfermer trop rapidement dans l'opposition entre holisme et individualisme méthodologique. Aussi, est-ce cette question du fondement ou de l'affirmation possible d'une sociologie de l'individu que le dernier livre de D. Martuccelli pose au bénéfice d'une réflexion renouvelée et, doit-on dire, plutôt stimulante. Tel que son titre le laisse présager, Grammaires de l'individu 1 s'intéresse à une seule interrogation : « Mais qu'est-ce que l'individu ? » (p. 12). Pour y répondre, son auteur, au travers de ses érudites analyses, lectures et illustrations, procède par dégradé en étant attentif à la fois à la densité et à la malléabilité des liens que tissent l'individu, à leurs « consistances »-le concept peut-être le plus synthétique, mais également le plus difficile à saisir chez D. Martuccelli. Consistances des supports, des rôles sociaux, du respect, de l'identité et de la subjectivité sont ainsi autant de dimensions par lesquelles se déclinent les grammaires d'une individualité historiquement advenue.
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