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N 6 -methyladenine (m 6 A), one of the most common chemical modifications of eukaryotic RNA, participates in many important biological processes. An effective strategy for the quantitative determination of m 6 A is of great significance. Herein, we used methylated microRNA-21 (miRNA21) as the model target to propose a simple and sensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensing platform to detect a specific m 6 A RNA sequence. This strategy is based on the fact that the anti-m 6 A-antibody can specifically recognize and bind to the m 6 A site in the RNA sequence, resulting in a quenching effect between Ru(bpy) 3 2+ -functionalized metal−organic frameworks and ferrocene. Luminescent metal−organic frameworks (Ru@MOFs) not only act as ECL indicators but also serve as nanoreactors for the relative ECL reactions owing to their porous or multichannel structure, which overcomes the fact that Ru(bpy) 3 2+ is easily released when used for aqueous-phase detection, thus enhancing the ECL efficiency. Moreover, the ECL method has fewer modification steps and uses only one antibody to recognize the target RNA sequence, which simplifies the operation process and reduces the detection time, presenting a wide linear range (0.001−10 nM) for m 6 A RNA determination with a low detection limit (0.0003 nM). Additionally, this developed strategy was validated for m 6 A RNA detection in human serum. Thus, the ECL biosensing method provides a new method for m 6 A RNA determination that is simple, highly specific, and sensitive. N 6 -Methyladenosine (m 6 A) has been identified as one of

Persistent free radicals (PFRs) may cause negative impacts to human health and the environment because of the induced reactive oxygen species. We expect that PFRs could be generated in the condensable volatiles formed during lignocellulose biomass pyrolysis. Elucidating the structural origin and the formation mechanism of PFRs is important for an in-depth understanding of air pollutants from the pyrolysis or combustion of lignocellulose biomass. This work selected rice straw and pine sawdust to represent agricultural and forest biomass residues. The pyrolysis mechanism, volatile components, and PFR generation were discussed based on the analysis of thermogravimetry−Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy−mass spectrometry (MS), pyrolysis−gas chromatography/MS, and electron spin resonance (ESR). Levoglucosan, furans, and 2-methoxyphenols were the main pyrolytic compounds for cellulose (CL), hemicellulose (HC), and lignin (LG), respectively. Obvious ESR signals were detected in the condensable volatiles of LG, while no ESR signals were detected for those of CL and HC. Higher ESR signals were detected in lignocellulose with a higher content of LG. Therefore, LG was the main structural basis to generate PFRs in lignocellulose condensable volatiles, mostly attributed to the methoxyphenol components. This study provides useful information regarding the generation mechanisms of and the structures related to PFRs, which is essential to understand the risks of lignocellulose pyrolytic volatiles.

The Heidelberg Basin (HDB) hosts one of the thickest Quaternary sediment successions in central Europe. To establish a reliable Middle and Upper Pleistocene chronology for a recently drilled core from the depocentre of the Heidelberg Basin, we applied multiple luminescence dating approaches, including quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), two feldspar post-IR IRSL protocols using second IR stimulation temperatures of 225°C (pIRIR 225 ) and 290°C (pIRIR 290 ), and two fading correction models. Relatively high anomalous fading was observed for both the pIRIR 225 and pIRIR 290 signals, with mean fading rates of 2.13AE0.27 and 2.08AE0.49%/decade, respectively. Poor dose recovery behaviour of the pIRIR 290 signal suggests that the pIRIR 290 ages are not reliable. The comparison of two fading correction methods for the K-feldspar ages indicates that the correction method proposed by Kars et al.

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