Ecological niche models provide useful predictions of species distributions, but may fail to detect reductions in distribution due to factors other than habitat loss, such as hunting or trade. From 2001 to 2009, we conducted field-surveys along the Mexican Pacific coast to obtain presence-absence data for nine Psittacidae species. We applied Genetic Algorithm for Rule set Prediction (GARP) ecological niche modeling, using field-survey presence data to determine the potential current distribution of each species, and incorporated absence data to delineate extirpation areas. All parrot species showed a reduced current distribution, ranging from 9.6 to 79% reduction of estimated original distribution. The threatened and endemic species of Amazona oratrix, Amazona finschi, and Forpus cyanopygius suffered the greatest distribution reduction, higher than previously estimated by habitat-based models, suggesting that capture for trade may have caused extirpation of these species. The greatest extent of current distribution was occupied by Aratinga canicularis, Amazona albifrons and Ara militaris, which continue to occur throughout most of their original distribution. Amazona auropalliata, Aratinga strenua, and Brotogeris jugularis also occur throughout their restricted distribution in coastal Chiapas, and show a relatively small distribution reduction, but had the highest proportion of modified lands within their current distributions. Our results highlighted the regions of coastal Guerrero, northern Nayarit, and southern Sinaloa where parrot species have been extirpated even though GARP models predicted suitable habitat available. Ideally distribution models should be verified in the field to determine conservation priorities, and efforts should be directed to maintain populations of species with greatest distribution reductions.
Recibido el 4 de agosto de 2015; aceptado el 6 de abril de 2016 Disponible en Internet el 8 de agosto de 2016 ResumenSe estimó la distribución histórica y contemporánea para la familia Psittacidae en México utilizando la mayor base de datos integrada hasta ahora y modelos ecológicos de nicho. Los modelos se generaron mediante el algoritmo MaxEnt. Se utilizaron temperatura y precipitación y se analizó la vegetación disponible y las áreas naturales protegidas decretadas hasta 2015. Los modelos no presentaron errores de omisión y permiten contar con estimaciones actuales para cada especie. La mayor distribución se estima para Amazona albifrons y la menor para Amazona auropalliata. Los resultados indican que todas las especies han perdido hábitat, principalmente Ara macao, Amazona auropalliata y A. oratrix. Aunque los bosques tropicales predominan en su distribución, los bosques templados presentan altos porcentajes para 6 especies. La proporción de superficie protegida es superior a estimaciones del año 2000. La estimación precisa de la distribución de los psitácidos presentes en México tiene implicaciones de conservación a nivel internacional, ya que 6 especies son endémicas y 4 tendrían su mayor distribución potencial en México de acuerdo con cifras de la IUCN. Ante la pérdida de distribución, algunas especies presentan una elevada vulnerabilidad presente y futura, por lo que se debe examinar la relación entre aptitud ambiental de los modelos y patrones de abundancia poblacional. El uso de modelos de nicho ecológico para evaluar cambios en distribución asociados al cambio climático es necesario. Derechos Reservados © 2016 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología. Este es un artículo de acceso abierto distribuido bajo los términos de la Licencia Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. AbstractThe historic and contemporary distribution for the Psittacidae family in Mexico using the greatest database assembled until now was estimated. The ecological niche models were generated with the MaxEnt algorithm. Temperature and precipitation were used, as well as an analysis of vegetation and availability of protected areas established until 2015. The models did not present omission errors and allow to have updated estimates for each species. The species with the greatest potential distribution was Amazona albifrons, and Amazona auropalliata had the smallest one. The results * Autor para correspondencia.
Summary The preservation of Military Macaw Ara militaris in Mexico required the implementation of a nationwide assessment evaluating its vulnerability using IUCN criteria. With the combined effort of several institutions, the abundance, location, dispersion, habitat availability, and climatic conditions of areas occupied by the species were determined. Although the species’ extent of occurrence is extensive (263,919 km2) only 29% of this constitutes area of occupancy. Published estimates indicate a series of isolated populations containing from four macaws to 215. Macaws occurred in 35 populations in four regions of 16 states containing an estimated 1,563–3,263 macaws; lower than required for long-term viability. Within regions, neighbouring populations were separated by an average of 68 km. The extent of occurrence is heterogeneous, and macaws inhabit areas that differ in elevation, precipitation, temperature, and forest cover. Higher local abundances occur in landscapes where annual precipitation is ≥1,100 mm, and primary forest availability ≥1,800 km2. Although the existence of undetected macaw groups in Mexico is possible, these are likely to contain only small numbers of individuals, as most detected areas with macaws contain less than 40 individuals, and larger concentrations are more likely to be noticed due to their conspicuous behaviour. The species is threatened primarily by its low overall abundance, fragmented distribution, and forest loss around populations with the highest abundance. With the information generated, it is possible to design and implement specific management and conservation strategies at different geographic scales for the recovery and maintenance of the species in Mexico. It is necessary to strengthen collaborative programmes among conservation organizations, government agencies, and local communities in each region of the country to organize and finance community-based actions such as monitoring, habitat restoration, protection from poaching and the creation of a network of conservation corridors and macaw reserves focused on conservation.
El tráfico vehicular en carreteras se ha evidenciado como un factor de riesgo más para la fauna silvestre; las muertes por atropellamiento de individuos pueden tener impactos negativos directos a nivel poblacional, sobre todo para aquellas especies en peligro de extinción, como es el jaguar (Panthera onca). El objetivo de este documento es dar a conocer el primer registro de atropellamiento de una cría de jaguar y el impacto que generó en comunidades del sur de Sinaloa, México. El accidente ocurrió en noviembre de 2020 en una carretera colindante a la reserva ecológica Meseta de Cacaxtla. Las personas involucradas en el rescate del cuerpo y los medios de comunicación dieron a conocer la muerte de la cría. Cerca de 50 mil personas fueron alcanzadas / informadas en redes sociales; en los pueblos de la región se llevaron a cabo talleres de educación ambiental, conferencias y webinarios, dirigidos a sensibilizar y tomar precauciones para evitar accidentes que comprometan el bienestar de la fauna y los transeúntes en carretera.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.