Assessments of the economic security of the State along with other components (for example, resources) are the basis for its provision, which determines the relevance of the assessment of the security of the country’s economy. In assessing the economic security of the State, the starting position is to understand the content of this category, which provides an answer to the question of what constitutes the economic security of the State. Further operationalization of the constructs of the selected approach to the interpretation of the content of the category of «economic security of the State» directly lays the foundations of the methodical base of its assessment. The most common in assessing the economic security of the State is the functional approach, which provides for the allocation of a number of components of economic security of the State, which, as a rule, is not specified in the attributes of determining the category of «economic security of the State». According to the analysis of the application of the functional approach in the assessment of the economic security of the State, contradictory aspects have been found, which are caused by the inconsistency of the main directions of assessment of the constructs of the category of «economic security of the State» (as a rule, the main directions of evaluation coincide with the results of the functioning of the national economy system). In order to overcome the identified contradictory aspects, the definition of the category «economic security of the State», consisting of three constructs, is suggested; in each case 5-6 primary quantitative indicators are selected for the operationalization of them. The assessment of the economic security of the State used temporal form of indicators, which has several undoubted advantages, which, in particular, include the receipt of assessments of changes in the economic security of the State during the analyzed period. The operationalization of the proposed construct approach to the assessment of the economic security of the State allows to obtain a quantitative dynamic assessment for each of its constructs, which are adequate to (correspond to) the selected definition of the content of the category «economic security of the State». The proposed construct approach to assessing the economic security of the State and its operationalization allow to avoid the primary indicators, necessary in the use of functional approach of rationing of the different in nature and dimension, their multiple convolution, which inevitably affects the quality of assessments of economic security of the State, because to some extent distorts and impersonates them.
Development as a continuous process should be carried out at all stages of the business cycle of an enterprise. Particular attention should be paid to the development at the downturn stages of the business cycle of the enterprise, in particular in the conditions of crisis in its activities. The focus of the article led to the need to disclose the content of the concepts of «crisis», «development», «sustainable development» and «sustainable development of the enterprise in a crisis». At the descending stages of the business cycle of the enterprise, its development should be fully controlled and carefully managed. To ensure control and manageability of the development of the enterprise in a crisis, an appropriate instrumentarium is needed, wherein the central place belongs to the anti-crisis scenarios of sustainable development and its key resources. Anti-crisis scenarios of sustainable development of the enterprise in a crisis are proposed to be developed on the basis of identified and assessed threats to its activities, taking into account the nature of threats, their interconnectedness and interdependence, as well as the stage of development of each of the threats. Because the implementation of threats to the enterprise’s activities can further aggravate its condition: crisis phenomena are transformed into a crisis situation, which, in turn, threatens to develop into a crisis state. In order to develop an anti-crisis scenario for the development of the enterprise in the situation of the probable simultaneous implementation of several threats to its activities, the use of the method of tuples is proposed. A general view of the tuple for the anti-crisis scenario is presented. The role of key resources in ensuring sustainable development of the enterprise in a crisis is disclosed. The problematic aspects of using key resources in ensuring sustainable development of the enterprise in a crisis are displayed.
The article contains concepts of development for Ukrainian economy in the form of development explanatory basis. Such basis is important for defining development character, formalizing aims and principles of development, choosing its vectors and methods that implement such vectors into reality, building institutional support of development and effective employment of necessary resources. Using the general concepts of development studies, the content of notion “economic development” is specified. Difference between notions “economic development” and “economic growth” is considered. Via the qualitative features of general types of development, the character of development for Ukraine is suggested taking into account existing conditions and expected changes in Ukraine and abroad. It is shown that by the dynamics of changes development of the Ukrainian economy has to be revolutionary, by the vector – intensive one (aimed to the emergence of qualitative changes with a stable character due to implementing new technologies and renewing the production assortment of national producers), by the source (or the primary reason) – both exogenous and endogenous, by the view of development subject about changes over time – projective one, by the element of economic system that is mostly changed – structural (because the modern structure of Ukrainian economy causes some negative processes in it), by the development mechanism — bifurcational, by the measure of controllability – weakly managed, by the relationship between subject and object – both subject-object (subject of development is simultaneously an object of development), multi-vector and holistic. There are defined conditions of Ukrainian economy development regardless of its character (defined or any other): decrease of the administrative pressure under entrepreneurship (deregulation of the economy), increasing of an entrepreneur’s social role and his/hers comprehensive support. Defined character of the national economy development and conditions under which such development will exist should be taken into account in the development model. This will provide model adequacy to the modern conditions in Ukraine, model validity and its practical usability, ability to formulate particularly development tasks for every of its subjects.
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