Assessments of the economic security of the State along with other components (for example, resources) are the basis for its provision, which determines the relevance of the assessment of the security of the country’s economy. In assessing the economic security of the State, the starting position is to understand the content of this category, which provides an answer to the question of what constitutes the economic security of the State. Further operationalization of the constructs of the selected approach to the interpretation of the content of the category of «economic security of the State» directly lays the foundations of the methodical base of its assessment. The most common in assessing the economic security of the State is the functional approach, which provides for the allocation of a number of components of economic security of the State, which, as a rule, is not specified in the attributes of determining the category of «economic security of the State». According to the analysis of the application of the functional approach in the assessment of the economic security of the State, contradictory aspects have been found, which are caused by the inconsistency of the main directions of assessment of the constructs of the category of «economic security of the State» (as a rule, the main directions of evaluation coincide with the results of the functioning of the national economy system). In order to overcome the identified contradictory aspects, the definition of the category «economic security of the State», consisting of three constructs, is suggested; in each case 5-6 primary quantitative indicators are selected for the operationalization of them. The assessment of the economic security of the State used temporal form of indicators, which has several undoubted advantages, which, in particular, include the receipt of assessments of changes in the economic security of the State during the analyzed period. The operationalization of the proposed construct approach to the assessment of the economic security of the State allows to obtain a quantitative dynamic assessment for each of its constructs, which are adequate to (correspond to) the selected definition of the content of the category «economic security of the State». The proposed construct approach to assessing the economic security of the State and its operationalization allow to avoid the primary indicators, necessary in the use of functional approach of rationing of the different in nature and dimension, their multiple convolution, which inevitably affects the quality of assessments of economic security of the State, because to some extent distorts and impersonates them.
At the national level of economic security studies, a special place has alway s b e lon ged t o t he estimating side of the issue. Estimations of state economic security serve as input data for the determinat ion of directions and ways of further security provision. At the same time, such estimations should be considered not only as a result of a certain methodology application in a certain co un try b ut a lso i n t h e c o nte xt o f comparing the economic security estimations across a set of countries. The aim of the article is to determin e the level of ensuring economic security in post-Soviet countries and recognize patterns, ri sk s, a n d t h rea ts that affect the future development of state economic security. For comparative analysis of economic security, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Georgia, and period 2016-2020 have been selected. The methodological basis of the study included the followingmethods: comparative economic studies, methods of summation, arithmetic mean, weighted arithmetic, geometric mean, rating; international index systems we re used as a basis for comparative analysis. Using the suggested methodology of estimation allowed obta ini ng results that characterize level real economic security, is lower than average. None of the analyzed countri es has managed to maintain an acceptable level of economic security. The determined levels allow u s t o st a te that the economic systems of the analyzed post-Soviet countries demonstrat e h i gh p erc ep ti ve ne ss t o t h e actualization of various threats. And this perceptiveness, in its turn, leads to various negative changes in t h e economic systems of these countries. The high perceptiveness of the economic systems in the analyze d p o st-Soviet countries to the actualization of various threats can be explained by the c h an gin g q u ali ty o f t he ir economic potential, low levels of their innovativeness, and also the lack of proper condi ti ons t o a p ply t h e innovations
The aim of the study was to outline the differences between certain aspects of the system of state secrets protection in Ukraine and some countries of the European Union EU, which provides the basis for determining the directions of improvement of the national system of state secrets protection. The following general scientific methods were used in the article: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, analogy. As a result of the research, the following aspects of criminal protection of state secret in Ukraine and the EU countries identified for comparison were considered: definition of state secret, types of information classified as state secret, levels of secrecy, terms of classification, liability for disclosure of state secret. The methodological contribution of the study are the recommendations for the improvement of certain aspects of the system of state secrets protection in Ukraine. It is concluded that, the direction of future research should also be the disclosure of features and measures to optimize the procedure of security checks of persons having access to classified information.
Special knowledge means specific knowledge, not considered common knowledge, on the phenomena, objects and processes in the surrounding world possessed by a particular group of people. Special knowledge is based on scientific findings and cannot be common knowledge. Special knowledge is acquired through purposeful professional training and practical experience in a particular sphere; they constitute a system of knowledge about specific objects, phenomena and patterns studied within a relevant scientific field.
Criminological investigation of correlation between corruption and organized economic crime testifies that organized crime and corruption first of all endangers national security of Ukraine, its further development, ensuring constitutional system, proper functioning of all political-economic system. That is why not accidentally the Decrees of the President of Ukraine “On Complex Earmarked for a Specific Purpose Program for Fighting Criminality” and “On Complex Program in Preventing Criminality” define fighting organized crime and corruption in an economic sphere as one of priority directions. Detecting of organized crimes committed under not obvious circumstances is a complicated and multifactored. The necessity of quick and correct solving informational, methodological, tactical, psychological, technical and many other issues predetermined active participation of inquiry and search workers, the Security Service, militia, its operative detachments, the Procurator’s Office, experts, professionals, and the public. That is why a complex approach to fighting crime, including economic one, needs further development, also improvement in co-operation between all law-enforcement and controlling organs is needed. The work in this direction should be considered one of priorities for state organs nowadays and in future.
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