Principles for Assessing Socio-Economic Security of a RegionSocio-economic development of a region is possible under several conditions, one of which at present is socio-economic security of a region. Its provision implies the availability of assessments, the reliability of which directly depends on the quality of the methodological principles of assessment. The proposed methodological principles for assessing socio-economic security of a region proceed from the provisions of the conceptual and defensive approaches to determining its status and nature, the functional and indicator approaches to its assessment. The sequence of operations and actions on the assessment
The efficiency of the use of methods of operational cost management at the enterprise depends on the consistency of functional methods. As a matter of actual practice, cost management at Ukrainian enterprises lacks such consistency causing managerial collision due to inconsistency of planning and actual data on the enterprise costs. The objective of the article is to resolve the mentioned managerial collision. There has been presented a criterion of consistency of functional cost management methods (identity of data about planning and actual costs of the enterprise according to the format, structure of the resulting data and period of their receipt). The consistency of functional methods – making it possible to deal with the issue of information communications in the enterprise management – is provided by reducing the methods of cost management at the enterprise, in the form of operationalization of concepts of methods of operational cost management in functional methods. With the objective of ensuring the consistency of functional methods of cost management, the article determines changes in the cost accounting, making it possible to provide the consistency of planning and actual data on the enterprise costs and to analyze them.
Assessments of the economic security of the State along with other components (for example, resources) are the basis for its provision, which determines the relevance of the assessment of the security of the country’s economy. In assessing the economic security of the State, the starting position is to understand the content of this category, which provides an answer to the question of what constitutes the economic security of the State. Further operationalization of the constructs of the selected approach to the interpretation of the content of the category of «economic security of the State» directly lays the foundations of the methodical base of its assessment. The most common in assessing the economic security of the State is the functional approach, which provides for the allocation of a number of components of economic security of the State, which, as a rule, is not specified in the attributes of determining the category of «economic security of the State». According to the analysis of the application of the functional approach in the assessment of the economic security of the State, contradictory aspects have been found, which are caused by the inconsistency of the main directions of assessment of the constructs of the category of «economic security of the State» (as a rule, the main directions of evaluation coincide with the results of the functioning of the national economy system). In order to overcome the identified contradictory aspects, the definition of the category «economic security of the State», consisting of three constructs, is suggested; in each case 5-6 primary quantitative indicators are selected for the operationalization of them. The assessment of the economic security of the State used temporal form of indicators, which has several undoubted advantages, which, in particular, include the receipt of assessments of changes in the economic security of the State during the analyzed period. The operationalization of the proposed construct approach to the assessment of the economic security of the State allows to obtain a quantitative dynamic assessment for each of its constructs, which are adequate to (correspond to) the selected definition of the content of the category «economic security of the State». The proposed construct approach to assessing the economic security of the State and its operationalization allow to avoid the primary indicators, necessary in the use of functional approach of rationing of the different in nature and dimension, their multiple convolution, which inevitably affects the quality of assessments of economic security of the State, because to some extent distorts and impersonates them.
Problems regarding foreign economic activity of economic entities are extremely diverse. One of the aspects of these issues gets considerable attention, while others are much less studied, and some aspects have been updated not so long ago. Among the latter is the financial and economic security of foreign economic activity, in the provision of which the influence of many factors must be taken into account. One of these factors is globalization, which today becomes an objective reality for development of modern world. However, impact of globalization on financialeconomical processes on macro-and microlevel is ambiguous. Taking into account prevalence of many global conflicts and other factors of negative impact, globalization challenges, existing trends of development of economical processes stipulate mostly negative impact on subjects of foreign economic activity. The financial and economic security of foreign economic activity of the enterprise and the country as a whole are considered from the point of view of joint application of the protection and harmonization approaches and recognized as one of the most important conditions for the effectiveness of its implementation. The theoretical basis of the study were the ideas of the theory of interaction (the theory of exchange J. Humans and P. Blau, the theory of interaction between the results of D. Tibo and G. Keelli and the theory of potential conflicts). The factors of financial-economical security of foreign economic activity for domestic subjects of entrepreneurial activity and country in general are considered in the article. It is displayed that foreign economic activity with Russia, which so far is carried out by domestic enterprises, is a very serious threat to the economic security of Ukraine as a whole, as well as its business entities. The main globalization challenges in the field of foreign economic activity for domestic subjects of entrepreneurial activity are identified. The main challenges in the field of foreign trade of goods are specified in the article. The changes in the guidelines for foreign trade in goods are given and the reasons for such changes are detailed. The global, local and institutional impacts on system of economic security of enterprises that are subjects of foreign economic activity are specified and the appropriate reaction of their systems to such influence is suggested.
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