No abstract

Novel chiral monodentate phosphorus ligands, SIPHOS, were conveniently synthesized from 1,1'-spirobiindane-7,7'-diol. The Rh complexes of SIPHOS can catalyze the hydrogenation of alpha-dehydroamino esters in mild conditions, providing alpha-amino acid derivatives in up to 99% ee. Enamides and beta-dehydroamino esters can also be hydrogenated in good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% and 94% ee, respectively). The SIPHOS ligand with smaller alkyl groups on the N-atom afforded higher enantioselectivity. The X-ray analysis of single crystal showed that the structure of Rh/SIPHOS catalyst is [Rh(COD)((S)-SIPHOS-Me)(2)](+), which clarified the configuration of the catalyst with the monodentate chiral phosphorus ligand in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. A positive nonlinear effect in the relationship of the optical purities of ligand and product was observed in the hydrogenation of dehydroamino acid derivatives. The kinetic study of hydrogenation showed that the reaction is zero order in the concentration of substrate and first order in the concentration of Rh catalyst and the hydrogenation pressure. The rate of hydrogenation decreased when the Rh/L ratio changed from 1:1 to 1:4.

Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate alkynylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones giving β-alkynylketones took place in high yields with high enantioselectivity. The reaction was realized by use of (triisopropylsilyl)acetylene combined with (R)-DTBM-segphos as a chiral phosphine ligand, where the sterically bulky substituents on the silicon and phosphorus atoms suppress the alkyne dimerization.

The first catalytic asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloadditions of Schiff bases of alpha-aminophosphonates with olefins have been developed. Chiral silver amide complexes bearing (R)-DTBM-SEGPHOS worked well as catalysts for the first time, and proline phosphonic analogues were obtained in high yields with excellent exo- and enantioselectivities.

The presence of an acid was found to be essential in the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric addition of terminal alkynes to diarylphosphinylallenes giving exo-enynes in high yields with high regio- and enantioselectivity. The stereochemical outcome is determined at the protonolysis of the pi-allylrhodium(I) intermediate involved in the catalytic cycle.

The rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric hydroalkoxylation and hydrosulfenylation of diphenylphosphinylallenes gave chiral allylic phosphine oxides substituted with vinyl ether and thioether moieties in high yields with high enantioselectivities.

No abstract

A highly selective hydroalkynylation of internal alkynes with silylacetylenes giving 1,3-enynes was realized by use of a hydroxorhodium catalyst. As a key intermediate in the catalytic cycle, an alkynylrhodium(I) complex was isolated and investigated for its structure and reactivity.