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Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae (RDN) is a widely used traditional Chinese herb, which is used to treat arthroncus, arthrodynia and arthritis. As is known to us, inflammatory mechanisms have played an important role in the occurrence, course and prognosis of gouty arthritis (GA). The aim of this study was to determine the characteristic expressed proteins of synovium in GA rat and synovial cell. The rat model of GA was induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal. Tissue samples were assayed by immunohistochemical method. The effects of RDN on Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), CXCR 4 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were investigated in MSU crystal-induced rat. The levels of SDF-1 and mitogen-activated kinase kinase (MKK) 3/6 were measured by Western Blot in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) incubated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). A significant increase in the levels of SDF-1, CXCR 4 and p38 MAPK were observed in MSU crystal-induced rat. The increased SDF-1 and MKK 3/6 levels were observed in IL-1β incubated FLS. With the treatment of RDN, the above changes were reverted back to near normal levels. RDN might have some therapeutic effects on GA through SDF-1/CXCR 4 and p38 MAPK pathway, and dioscin may be the active compound in RDN to exert therapeutic effect on GA.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease characterized by autoimmunity, joint inflammation, and cartilage destruction, which affects 0.5–1% of the population. Many compounds from herbal medicines show the potentials to treat RA. On this basis, the compounds with good pharmacokinetic behaviors and drug‐likeness properties will be further studied and developed. Therefore, the herbal compounds with anti‐RA activities were reviewed in this paper, and the cheminformatics tools were used to predict their drug‐likeness properties and pharmacokinetic parameters. A total of 90 herbal compounds were analyzed, which were reported to be effective on RA models through anti‐inflammation, chondroprotection, immunoregulation, antiangiogenesis, and antioxidation. Most of the herbal compounds have good drug‐likeness properties. Most of the compounds can be an alternative and valuable source for anti‐RA drug discovery.