A facile controlled interfacial polymerization strategy was proposed for the synthesis of novel thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes for enhanced nanofiltration performance.
Superradiance and subradiance concerning enhanced and inhibited collective radiation of an ensemble of atoms have been a central topic in quantum optics. However, precise generation and control of these states remain challenging. Here we deterministically generate up to 10-qubit superradiant and 8-qubit subradiant states, each containing a single excitation, in a superconducting quantum circuit with multiple qubits interconnected by a cavity resonator. The √ N -scaling enhancement of the coupling strength between the superradiant states and the cavity is validated. By applying appropriate phase gate on each qubit, we are able to switch the single collective excitation between superradiant and subradiant states. While the subradiant states containing a single excitation are forbidden from emitting photons, we demonstrate that they can still absorb photons from the resonator. However, for even number of qubits, a singlet state with half of the qubits being excited can neither emit nor absorb photons, which is verified with 4 qubits. This study is a step forward in coherent control of collective radiation and has promising applications in quantum information processing.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)–sodium
alginate composite hydrogels
were first introduced to synthesize robust and well-intergrown zeolite
imidazolate framework (ZIF)/polymer hollow fiber membranes. Through
enough adsorption interaction with metal ions by chelation, sufficient
nucleation sites for in situ metal–organic framework (MOF)
preparation are provided. Using this method, we can not only easily
prepare defect-free MOF membranes ignoring the complex modification
process and seed deposition but also structurally fix crystalline
MOF layers and greatly improve the stiffness and durability of MOF
composite membranes. The strategy also gives the appropriate level
of generality for synthesis of versatile dense MOF membranes on a
variety of polymeric supports. The fabricated ZIF-8/polyethersulfone
membrane presented remarkable gas separation performance with H2 permeance of as high as 9.66 × 10–7 mol m–2 s–1 Pa–1 and a high H2/CO2 separation factor of up
to 29.0.
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