Implant surface modification can improve osseointegration
and reduce
peri-implant inflammation. Implant surfaces are modified with metals
because of their excellent mechanical properties and significant functions.
Metal surface modification is divided into metal ions and nanoparticle
surface modification. These two methods function by adding a finishing
metal to the surface of the implant, and both play a role in promoting
osteogenic, angiogenic, and antibacterial properties. Based on this,
the nanostructural surface changes confer stronger antibacterial and
cellular affinity to the implant surface. The current paper reviews
the forms, mechanisms, and applications of nanoparticles and metal
ion modifications to provide a foundation for the surface modification
of implants.
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