This meta-analysis suggested that abdominal obesity as measured by waist circumference and waist-hip ratio might be associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. From a public health perspective, indicators of abdominal obesity may be usable predictors of hip fracture risk.
Plants provide a rich resource of medicinal material for research and development of new medicine. To discover new compounds as Immunosuppressant from plants, we evaluated the immunosuppressive effect of different fractions and particularly one compound (Calceolarioside A) that were extracted from the leaves of Fraxinus Mandshurica Rupr. The fractions and the compound were tested on the ability to reduce Immunoglobulin E (IgE) secretion by human U266 multiple myeloma cells (U266 cells) and to reduce interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion by mouse spleen cells. Our results showed that both the butanol extract fraction and the compound of Calceolarioside A inhibited the IgE and IL-2 production in U266 cells and mouse spleen cells respectively, and no cytotoxicity was observed within the effective dose range. These results suggest that Calceolarioside A could potentially serve as an immunosuppressant.
Several epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between height and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the results were inconsistent. Thus, a meta-analysis of observational studies was carried out to clarify this association. A literature search was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases for all relevant studies up to 25 May 2016. The random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) and restricted cubic spline model was adopted for the dose-response analysis. A total of 31 studies involving 13 077 848 participants with 93 818 cases were included. The pooled RR (95% confidence interval) of CRC for the highest versus the lowest category of height was 1.25 (1.18-1.32); the pooled RR was 1.32 (1.22-1.43) for colon cancer and 1.12 (1.05-1.19) for rectal cancer for the highest versus the lowest category of height. A nonlinear relationship was found between height and the risk of CRC in the dose-response analysis (Pnonlinearity=0.0024). This meta-analysis indicates that height is associated with an increased risk of CRC.
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