Abdominal obesity and risk of hip fracture: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

Li, X.; Gong, Xiu-Zhen; Jiang, Wenjie

doi:10.1007/s00198-017-4142-9

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Two separate recent meta-analyses showed that abdominal obesity might in fact be associated with higher hip fracture rates [68,69]. Higher waist circumference and higher waist to hip ratio conferred a higher risk of hip fracture and individuals with a waist circumference higher than 105 cm had a 55% higher risk by comparison with those with a waist circumference of less than 80 cm [68].…”

Section: Fracture Risk In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and bone metabolism

2018

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The interaction between obesity and bone metabolism is complex. The effects of fat on the skeleton are mediated by both mechanical and biochemical factors. Though obesity is characterized by higher bone mineral density, studies conducted on bone microarchitecture have produced conflicting results. The majority of studies indicate that obesity has a positive effect on skeletal strength, even though most likely the effects are site-dependent and, in fact, obese individuals might be at risk of certain types of fractures. Mechanical loading and higher lean mass are associated with improved outcomes, whereas systemic inflammation, observed especially with abdominal obesity, may exert negative effects. Weight loss interventions likely lead to bone loss over time. Pharmacological treatment options seem to be safe in terms of skeletal health; however, the skeletal effects of bariatric surgery are dependent on the type of surgical procedure. Malabsorptive procedures are associated with higher short-term adverse effects on bone health. In this narrative review, we discuss the effects of obesity and weight loss interventions on skeletal health.

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Section: Fracture Risk In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and bone metabolism

2018

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“…A few studies have investigated this issue; the results of Arazi et al (2016) showed a negative relationship between WHR and BMD in postmenopausal women. Also, Li, Gong, and Jiang (2017) suggested that WHR might be associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, and the hip fracture risk could be increased substantially when the waist circumference is ≥100 cm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), muscle strength and body composition to bone mineral density in young women

Arazi

Eghbali

2019

Kinesiology (Zagreb, Online)

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2D:4D ratio is determined by balance between androgens and estrogens. Low level estrogen reduces bone mineral density (BMD) and incurs negative changes to bone microarchitecture, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and, as a consequence, fracture risk in women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between 2D:4D, muscle strength and body composition to BMD in young women. One hundred twenty-seven young women (age range 24-36 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Lengths of the second (index) and fourth (ring) fingers, upper and lower body strength and body composition (body mass index, BMI; waist to hip ratio, WHR) and body fat percentage were estimated. Also, blood levels of calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) were evaluated and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device was used to measure BMD in the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). The results showed that digit ratios, upper body and lower body muscle strength, BMI and fat percentage had a positive relationship with LS and FN BMD (LS BMD: r=.47, r=.56, r=.46, r=.34, r=.28, p≤.001, respectively; FN BMD: r=.34, r=.49, r=.51, r=.45, r=.27, p≤.001, respectively). In addition, there was no significant relationship between WHR and BMD of LS and FN (p˃.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed the upper body strength was a stronger determinant of LS BMD and the lower body strength was a stronger determinant of FN BMD. Based on the results, the researchers concluded that upper and lower body strength, 2D:4D ratios and BMI were important determinants of young women’s BMD. Also, it seemed that some of these factors may be able to help predicting the osteoporosis potential in young women

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“…4 A recent meta-analysis also demonstrated that high waist circumference, a measure of abdominal adiposity, was associated with almost 60% increased relative risk of hip fracture. 5 Finally, while we agree that weight loss in obese older adults is beneficial for cardiometabolic health, clinicians should be aware that weight loss results in declines in muscle and bone mass that may increase falls and fracture risk. Incorporating exercise, particularly resistance training, into weight loss programmes can significantly reduce the loss of muscle and bone mass, 6 and is therefore strongly recommended for obese older adults.…”

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confidence: 91%