A large-size and full-color three-dimensional (3D) display system without the need for special eyeglasses is demonstrated. With a specially fabricated holographic functional screen with a size of 1.8x1.3 m(2), the system including optimally designed camera-projector arrays and a video server can display the fully continuous, natural 3D scene with more than 1 m image depth in real time. We explain the operating principle and present experimental results.

(2017) Mid-infrared octave-spanning supercontinuum and frequency comb generation in a suspended germanium-membrane ridge waveguide. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 35 (14 Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University's research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher's website (a subscription may be required.) > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1 Abstract-Stable octave-spanning supercontinuum (SC) in the mid-infrared (MIR) region finds extensive applications in spectroscopy, metrology, biochemistry, etc. The absorption of conventional silicon-or silicon oxide-dominated nonlinear media makes SC generation in MIR region technically challenging. In this paper, we propose ultra-broadband MIR-SC generation using a suspended germanium-membrane ridge waveguide. We theoretically showed that when pump pulses centered at 4.8 m with pulse width at 180 fs and peak power at 800 W are injected into a 4-mm long proposed ridge waveguide, the SC generated ranges from 1.96  12 m (about 2.6 octaves), extending deep into the "fingerprint" region. The first-order coherence is calculated to confirm the stability of the generated SC. The performance of the SC-based frequency comb is also investigated by assuming a 100-pulses pump source at a repetition rate of 100 KHz.

We report a numerical investigation on parametric amplification of high-bit-rate signals and related noise figure inside silicon waveguides in the presence of two-photon absorption (TPA), TPA-induced free-carrier absorption, free-carrier-induced dispersion and linear loss. Different pump parameters are considered to achieve net gain and low noise figure. We show that the net gain can only be achieved in the anomalous dispersion regime at the high-repetition-rate, if short pulses are used. An evaluation of noise properties of parametric amplification in silicon waveguides is presented. By choosing pulsed pump in suitably designed silicon waveguides, parametric amplification can be a chip-scale solution in the high-speed optical communication and optical signal processing systems.

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Optical and Quantum Electronics (2005) 37:965-994 © Springer 2005Applications of nonlinear effects in highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber to optical communications Abstract. Unique dispersion characteristics and enhanced nonlinearity make the small-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) an ideal candidate for nonlinear optical devices to telecommunication applications. Some technical reasons behind great research interest of highly nonlinear PCFs in optical communication components are reviewed. Nonlinear effects in highly nonlinear PCFs and their research progress are presented. Several typical applications including WDM sources, optical amplification, optical switching, wavelength conversion, optical regeneration and all-optical demultiplexing etc are introduced, together with state-of-the art performances. Some new possible applications and future prospects are discussed.Key words: nonlinear optics, optical fiber communication, nonlinear effects, optical fiber devices, photonic crystal fiber the core is hollow. This hollow core PCF has an operating principle that is significantly different from the solid core index guided fiber, which exploits the photonic band gap effect to guide light. PCFs can be designed to satisfy many specific applications, for example: to be single mode over an extremely broad wavelength range (Birks et al. 1997); to support larger or smaller mode field diameters (Knight et al. 1998;Broderick et al. 1999); to meet specific dispersion requirements ; to increase or decrease nonlinearity (Finazzi et al. 2003;; and to be highly birefringent resulting in improved polarization control (Hansen et al. 2001;Orgigosa-Blanch et al. 2004) . For applications of typical nonlinear characteristics of PCF to optical communications, the small solid core PCFs with high nonlinearity are preferred, and we will discuss them here. Due to the high index difference between silica core and air hole cladding, these PCFs allow much stronger mode confinement, and thereby much higher nonlinearities (Finazzi et al. 2003). In addition, the PCFs allow a more flexible tailoring of the dispersion properties , which are crucial for many applications of nonlinear effects. Nonlinear effects in the PCF are currently a research topic of great interest, and great progress has been made in the design and fabrication of PCFs. The noticeably increased nonlinear response in the PCF appears as a combination of very strong mode confinement and altered dispersion properties. Dispersion of such fibers is tailored by changing their core-cladding geometry, while a strong light-field confinement is due to the high refractive-index step between the core and the holey cladding, which would allow nonlinear optical interactions to be enhanced without increasing the energy of light. This makes it possible to compact and cost-effective telecommunication devices with short fibers and relatively low cost light sources, which are the principal drawbacks of previously demonstrated fiber-based nonlinear optical devices.Recently, PCFs with high nonli...

An efficient and broadband parametric wavelength converter is proposed in the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide without dispersion engineering. The vertical grating is utilized to achieve the quasi-phase-matching (QPM) of four-wave mixing (FWM). By alternating the phase-mismatch between two values with opposite signs, the parametric attenuation is suppressed. The conversion efficiency at the designated signal wavelength is significantly improved, and the 3-dB conversion bandwidth is also extended effectively. It is demonstrated that the conversion bandwidth is insensitive to both the propagation length and the grating width, which alleviates the tradeoff between the conversion bandwidth and the peak conversion efficiency. For a continuous-wave (CW) pump at 1550 nm, a conversion bandwidth of 331 nm and a peak efficiency of -12.8 dB can be realized in a 1.5-cm-long grating with serious phase-mismatch.

Abstract-In this paper, we propose and design a chalcogenide (As2S3) based slot waveguide taper with exponentially decreasing dispersion profile to realize high degree pulse compression of low power chirped solitons. Based on the waveguide taper designed, self-similar pulse compression of fundamental solitons and chirped 2-soliton breather are both investigated numerically. With self-similar pulse compression scheme, a 1 ps input pulse is compressed to 81.5 fs in 6 cm propagation. By using 2-soliton breather pulses, a 1 ps chirped pulse is compressed to 80.3 fs in just 2.54 cm. This is the first demonstration of the feasibility of high degree nonlinear pulse compression in As2S3-based slot waveguide taper.Index Terms-Self-similar pulse compression, fundamental soliton, 2-soliton breather, As2S3-based slot waveguide taper.

Advanced three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques can acquire high-resolution 3D biomedical and biological data, but available digital display methods show this data in restricted two dimensions. 3D light-field displays optically reconstruct realistic 3D image by carefully tailoring light fields, and a natural and comfortable 3D sense of real objects or scenes is expected. An interactive floating full-parallax 3D light-field display with all depth cues is demonstrated with 3D biomedical and biological data, which are capable of achieving high efficiency and high image quality. A compound lens-array with two pieces of lens in each lens unit is designed and fabricated to suppress the aberrations and increase the viewing angle. The optimally designed holographic functional screen is used to recompose the light distribution from the lens-array. The imaging distortion can be decreased to less than 1.9% from more than 20%. The real time interactive floating full-parallax 3D light-field image with the clear displayed depth of 30 cm can be perceived with the right geometric occlusion and smooth parallax in the viewing angle of 45°, where 9216 viewpoints are used.