By introduction of K + , Rb + , and Cs + cations into the classical commercial nonlinear optical crystal LiB 3 O 5 (LBO), the series of novel mixed-alkali-metal borates Li 2 . 6 K 0 . 4 [B 5 O 8 (OH) 2 ] (K-LBO), Li 2.85 Rb 0.15 [B 5 O 8 (OH) 2 ] (Rb-LBO), and Li 2.9 Cs 0.1 [B 5 O 8 (OH) 2 ] (Cs-LBO) have been obtained under hydrothermal conditions. The steric hindrance effect generated by the introduction of large alkali-metal cations and partial substitution of small Li + cations broke the three-dimensional (3-D) framework of [B 3 O 7 ] 5− borate−oxygen clusters in LBO and resulted in a structure rearrangement to produce infrequent [B 10 O 26 ] 22− 2-D layers. The unique layered structure induced an increase in birefringence in A-LBOs (A = K, Rb, Cs), which is favorable for phase matching during second-harmonic generation. All three compounds are potential deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials, which was proved by UV−vis−NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and second-harmonic-generation measurements.
SummaryThe Hantzsch and free-radical polymerization reactions were combined in a one-pot high-throughput (HTP) system to simultaneously prepare 30 unique polymers in parallel. Six aldehydes derived from natural products were used as the starting materials to rapidly prepare the library of 30 poly(1,4-dihydropyridines). From this library, HTP evaluation methods led to the identification of an antibacterial polymer. Mechanistic studies revealed that the dihydropyridine group in the polymer side-chain structure plays an important role in resisting bacterial attachment to the polymer surface, thus leading to the antibacterial function of this polymer. This research demonstrates the value of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) in interdisciplinary fields by discovering functional polymers for possible practical applications. It also provides insights to further developing new functional polymers using MCRs and HTP methods with important implications in organic chemistry, polymer chemistry, and materials science.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.