High-Throughput Preparation of Antibacterial Polymers from Natural Product Derivatives via the Hantzsch Reaction

Abstract

SummaryThe Hantzsch and free-radical polymerization reactions were combined in a one-pot high-throughput (HTP) system to simultaneously prepare 30 unique polymers in parallel. Six aldehydes derived from natural products were used as the starting materials to rapidly prepare the library of 30 poly(1,4-dihydropyridines). From this library, HTP evaluation methods led to the identification of an antibacterial polymer. Mechanistic studies revealed that the dihydropyridine group in the polymer side-chain structure plays an important role in resisting bacterial attachment to the polymer surface, thus leading to the antibacterial function of this polymer. This research demonstrates the value of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) in interdisciplinary fields by discovering functional polymers for possible practical applications. It also provides insights to further developing new functional polymers using MCRs and HTP methods with important implications in organic chemistry, polymer chemistry, and materials science.

Engineering bioactive synthetic polymers for biomedical applications: a review with emphasis on tissue engineering and controlled release

“…with different cyclo-hexanedione compounds using a one-pot Hantzsch reaction scheme. 199 Plasma-based techniques, methodologies based on the use of gases in a plasma state, have been also used to functionalized SyPs surfaces with antimicrobial agents by covalently linking antimicrobial molecules to polymer surfaces. 200 In an exemplary work, Zhang et al coated medical grade PVC samples with triclosan and bronopol, two hydrophilic compounds that poses a wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity and little toxicity in clinical applications.…”

Biodegradable Nickel Disulfide Nanozymes with GSH-Depleting Function for High-Efficiency Photothermal-Catalytic Antibacterial Therapy

“…(Wang et al, 2019b) Peroxides-like catalytic activity of ND nanozymes: The •OH was analyzed according to the principle that •OH could oxide TMB or OPDA probe and strengthen the absorbance of TMB at 664 nm or OPDA at 414 nm. (Wang et al, 2020) Briefly, the TMB and OPDA were used as the indicators to visualize and monitor the •OH generation. In detail, 1.0 mL acetate buffer containing ND nanozymes (20 μg/mL), TMB (0.5 mM), and H2O2 with different concentrations (0-1.0 mM) was incubated for 30 min at room temperature (25 o C).…”

“…Bacterial infection has become a fatal worldwide health problem faced by human beings due to its high morbidity and mortality Wentao et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019b). The traditional methods to fight against bacterial infection are mainly based on antibiotics, metal ions, and quaternary ammonium ions, which are costly, toxic, and environmentally unfriendly, limiting their further use and conversion (Gao et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2019a). Moreover, the excessive use of antibiotics leads to the generation of bacterial resistance, the treatment effect is inevitably reduced and even leads to the production of super-bacteria, thus causing a major threat to people's health and safety .…”

A versatile and straightforward process to turn plastics into antibacterial materials

“…of the plastics. More complex polymers that feature a backbone similar to the matrix and are decorated with antibacterial moieties or antibacterial polymers [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] have been developed to enhance the compatibilization of the additive to the plastics. Such approaches are efficient, yet specific macromolecular antibacterial architectures have to be designed for each matrix.…”