Hemostat has been a crucial focus since human body is unable to control massive blood loss, and collagen proves to be an effective hemostat in previous studies. In this study, collagen was isolated from the mesoglea of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye and its hemostatic property was studied. The yields of acid-soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin-soluble (PSC) were 0.12% and 0.28% respectively. The SDS-PAGE patterns indicated that the collagen extracted from jellyfish mesoglea was type I collagen. The lyophilized jellyfish collagen sponges were cross-linked with EDC and interconnected networks in the sponges were revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Collagen sponges exhibited higher water absorption rates than medical gauze and EDC/NHS cross-linking method could improve the stability of the collagen sponges. Compared with medical gauze groups, the blood clotting indexes (BCIs) of collagen sponges were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and the concentration of collagen also had an influence on the hemostatic property (P < 0.05). Collagen sponges had an improved hemostatic ability compared to the gauze control in tail amputation rat models. Hemostatic mechanism studies showed that hemocytes and platelets could adhere and aggregate on the surface of collagen sponge. All properties make jellyfish collagen sponge to be a suitable candidate used as hemostatic material and for wound healing applications.

These data suggest bleomycin A5 is a safe and effective intralesional agent for the treatment of macrocystic LMs, superficial oral mucosa LM, and localized deep microcystic lesions. For extensive macrocystic LMs involving contiguous anatomic areas and diffuse microcystic lesions involving deep tissues, bleomycin A5 injection combined with resection is necessary.

Tissue engineered bone has become a bone substitute for the treatment of bone defects in animal research. This study investigated the osteogenesis capacity of coralMSCs-rhBMP-2 composite with the auto-bone-graft as control. Coral-MSCs-rhBMP-2 composite were fabricated by coral (as main scaffold), rhBMP-2 (as growth factor), and MSCs (cultured from iliac marrow as seed cells). Criticalsized defects (d ¼ 15 mm) were made on forty rabbits crania and treated by different composite scaffolds: iliac autograft (n ¼ 8), coral (n ¼ 8), rhBMP-2/coral (n ¼ 8), and MSCs/rhBMP-2/coral (n ¼ 8). The defects were evaluated by gross observation, radiographic examination, histological examination, and histological fluorescence examinations after 8 and 16 weeks. The results showed that repair of bone defect was the least in coral group, and significant ingrowth of new bone formation and incorporation could be seen with 77.45% 6 0.52% in radiopacity in MSCs/ rhBMP-2/coral group, which was similar to that in iliac autograft group (84.61% 6 0.56% in radiopacity). New bone formation in MSCs/rhBMP-2/coral group was more than that in rhBMP-2/coral group. And osteogenesis rate in MSCs/rhBMP-2/coral group (10.23 6 1.45 mm) was much faster than that in rhBMP-2/coral group (5.85 6 2.19 mm) according to histological fluorescence examination. Newly formed bone partly came from induced MSCs in composite scaffold according to bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemical examination. These data implicated that MSCs could produce synergic effect with coral-rhBMP-2, and the tissue engineered bone of coral-MSCs-rhBMP-2 is comparable to auto-bone-graft for the repair of critical-sized bone defect.

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Accumulating evidences indicate the elevated expression of αB-Crystallin (Cryab) is implicated in tumorigenesis. However, the expression and biologic role of Cryab in osteosarcoma (OS) are still unknown. In this study, we showed that Cryab expression was elevated in OS tissues and cell lines, and down-regulation of Cryab in MG-63 and U-2OS cells led to a decline in the cells’ aggressiveness, and reduced secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in vitro, and lower metastasis potential in vivo. Further study indicated that the Cryab expression was positively associated with the activity of ERK1/2 which is responsible for the cells’ aggressiveness and MMP-9 secretion. Clinically, our data confirmed that the high level of Cryab was associated with shorten survival and tumor recurrence for the postoperative OS patients. Together, our results indicate that high level of Cryab is a new adverse outcomes marker for OS patients and may be used as a new therapeutic target.

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Inspired from falling leaves, ZnO nanorods-nanoslices hierarchical structure (NHS) was constructed to modify the surfaces of two widely used implant materials: titanium (Ti) and tantalum (Ta), respectively. By which means, two-stage release of antibacterial active substances were realized to address the clinical importance of long-term broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. At early stages (within 48 h), the NHS exhibited a rapid releasing to kill the bacteria around the implant immediately. At a second stage (over 2 weeks), the NHS exhibited a slow releasing to realize long-term inhibition. The excellent antibacterial activity of ZnO NHS was confirmed once again by animal test in vivo. According to the subsequent experiments, the ZnO NHS coating exhibited the great advantage of high efficiency, low toxicity, and long-term durability, which could be a feasible manner to prevent the abuse of antibiotics on implant-related surgery.

IntroductionDeveloping cartilage constructs with injectability, appropriate matrix composition and persistent cartilaginous phenotype remains an enduring challenge in cartilage repair. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have chondrogenic potential. Current approaches to drive their chondrogenic differentiation require extensive cell manipulation ex vivo and using exogenous growth factors. However, preventing hypertrophic transition of BMSCs in vivo and maintaining persistent chondrogenesis remain bottlenecks in clinical application. This study aimed to develop completely biological, injectable constructs to generate cartilage by co-transplanting chondrocyte and BMSCs.MethodsWe fabricated fragmented chondrocyte macroaggregate (cell bricks) and mixed them with platelet rich plasma (PRP); BMSCs were mixed into the above constructs, allowed to clot and then subcutaneously injected into nude mice. Gross morphology observation, histological and immunohistochemical assay, immunofluorescence assay, biochemical analysis and gene expression analysis were used to compare the properties of BMSC-cell bricks-PRP complex with BMSC in PRP or BMSC/chondrocytes in PRP.ResultsThe constructs of BMSCs-cell bricks-PRP that were subcutaneously injected resulted in persistent chondrogenesis with appropriate morphology, adequate central nutritional perfusion without central necrosis or ossification, and further augmented nasal dorsum without obvious contraction and deformation.ConclusionsWe concluded that cell bricks-enriched PRP clotting provides an autologous substance derived niche for chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vivo, which suggests that such an injectable, completely biological system is a suitable stem cell carrier for micro-invasive cartilage repair.