All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) paired with
an argyrodite
sulfide solid electrolyte have become a candidate to take the world
by storm for achieving high energy and safety. However, the undesirable
interface design between a sulfide solid electrolyte and cathode is
difficult to address its scalability production challenge. Particularly,
the inferior interfacial contact between a sulfide solid electrolyte
and cathode is an intractable obstacle for the large-scale commercial
application of ASSLBs. Herein, an elaborately designed conformally
in situ integration of a sulfide solid electrolyte onto a Ni-rich
oxide cathode is proposed to overcome this issue through a facile
tape casting method. In this unique integrated electrode structure,
the sulfide solid electrolyte intimately makes contact with the Ni-rich
oxide cathode, which significantly strengthens the solid–solid
interfacial compatibility, as well as decreases the interfacial reaction
resistances, thereby enabling rapid Li+ transportation
and a stable interfacial structure. As a result, ASSLBs consisting
of a sulfide solid electrolyte-integrated Ni-rich oxide cathode and
Li anode exhibit high discharge capacity, excellent cyclic stability,
and remarkable rate performance, which are superior to the cells with
segregated structures composed of a Ni-rich oxide cathode, sulfide
solid electrolyte, and Li anode. The features clearly indicate that
the advanced interfacial contact between the cathode and solid electrolyte
is responsible for ASSLBs with low polarization and fast reaction
kinetics. Therefore, this work provides a rational proof-of-concept
fabrication protocol for the reliable interfacial structure design
of high-performance ASSLBs.
For pursuing the ambitious goals in the burgeoning electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, and energy storage sectors, Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are considered as one of the most promising electrochemical power sources because of their high energy density and moderate cost. Particularly, the improvement of battery materials and recycling of spent LIBs are receiving great attention since the sustainable approaches for the synthesis, modification, and recycling of battery materials are the crucial factors to the successful large-scale implementation of LIBs. In this regard, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ), which possesses many merits, such as environmentally friendly, low-cost, individual chemical environment, and especially its unique physical properties, has been employed as solvent and reaction medium in the synthesis and modification of diverse functional materials. In this review, we mainly aim at compiling the applications of SC-CO 2 technology in the synthesis and modification of electrode materials as well as the recycling of LIBs. First, the unique properties and principles of SC-CO 2 technology are highlighted. Second, the latest progresses of the electrode materials design and recycling with the assistance of SC-CO 2 technique are summarized. Finally, the challenges, future directions, and perspectives on the design and development of battery materials and battery recycling by SC-CO 2 technology are proposed.
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