Porous composite nano fibre membranesChemical precipitation, membrane filtration, electrochemical methods, ion exchange, adsorption, and so on, are some methods considered in heavy metal removal from water [26,27]. The adsorption is considered to be the most significant of the different methods to remove heavy metal from water, owing to its economy, versatility, energy-efficiency, and requirement of no additional reagents [28,29]. Electrospun nanofibers have been widely used as nanofibrous adsorbents for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions, due to their large specific surface area, high porosity, and small interconnected pores [30][31][32][33][34][35]. A wide variety of low-cost adsorbents such as algae, chitosan, alginate, fungi, tea polyphenols (TPs), and lignin were studied to evaluate their potential as viable