A novel thermophilic actinomycete, designated strain 3-12X, was isolated from mushroom compost in Guangxi University, Nanning, China. The novel isolate contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and the whole-cell sugars were glucose and ribose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). The polar phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, ninhydrin-positive phosphoglycolipids and glycolipids. Major fatty acids were so-C16 : 0 and C17 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 74.6 %. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the closest phylogenetic neighbour of strain 3-12X was Thermomonospora chromogena ATCC 43196 (97.0 %), other closely related strains all belonged to the family Streptosporangiaceae and showed more than 6 % divergence. The chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain 3-12X were significantly different from Thermomonospora chromogena ATCC 43196 and DNA-DNA hybridization showed low relatedness (48.6-55.6 %) between them, so they should be different species. Thermomonospora chromogena was removed from the genus Thermomonospora by Zhang et al. 1998 on the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic evidence, but its taxonomic position remains uncertain. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain 3-12X represents a novel species in a new genus in the family Streptosporangiaceae. The name Thermostaphylospora griseoalba gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Thermostaphylospora grisealba is 3-12X (=DSM 46781=CGMCC 4.7160). We also propose transferring Thermomonospora chromogenaZhang et al. 1998 to Thermostaphylospora chromogena comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 43196=JCM 6244).
During an investigation exploring potential sources of novel thermophilic species and natural products, a novel thermophilic and alkaliphilic actinomycete with alkaline cellulase producing ability, designated strain 4-2-13, was isolated from soil of a tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province, China. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain 4-2-13 are consistent with those of the members of the genus Streptomyces. The strain forms extensively branched aerial mycelia and substrate mycelia. Spiral spore chains were observed on aerial mycelia; spores were oval to cylindrical, with smooth surfaces. The organism was found to contain LL-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell wall peptidoglycan. The whole cell hydrolysates were found to contain glucose and ribose. The cellular fatty acid profile mainly consists of anteiso-C and iso-C. The menaquinones were identified as MK-9(H), MK-10(H) and MK-9(H). The polar lipids profile were found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, a ninhydrin-positive glycophospholipid, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified glycolipids. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the organism belongs to the genus Streptomyces and in the 16S rRNA gene tree it formed a distinct phyletic line together with the closely related type strain Streptomyces burgazadensis Z1R7 (95.2% sequence similarity). However, the phenotypic characteristics of strain 4-2-13 are significantly different from those of S. burgazadensis Z1R7. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain 4-2-13 represents a novel species in the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces thermoalkaliphilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 4-2-13 (= DSM 42159 = CGMCC 4. 7205).
This study reports four new species and three new record species of Orbiliaceous fungi from China. Orbilia baisensis, O. hanzhongensis, O. nanningensis and O. pinea are described as new species and O. crenatomarginata, O. vinosa and O. vitalbae are described as new record species. All the studied species were identified by morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) sequences. Four new species are described based on their sexual and asexual states, and their differences with the close relatives were compared and discussed.
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