Energy router is an intelligent power electronic device that can realize the active management of power flow and provide convenient access to distributed energy resource. This paper presents the structure of an AC-DC hybrid multi-port energy router, which acts as the interface between the power consumer and the distribution network. The corresponding coordinated control strategy is developed to guarantee the regular operation of the energy router and a mode switch strategy with advanced compensation is proposed to achieve seamless transition between grid-connected mode and islanded mode. A novel and practical fuzzy logic controller considering unit-time electricity charge is proposed for the energy router to prolong battery life, to improve economic benefits of power consumers, and to smooth fluctuations of renewable energy generation or load consumption. The simulation and experimental results have validated the coordinated control and energy management strategies and demonstrated that the energy router has satisfactory performance.
Aim: To investigate the effects of the different morphological characteristics of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) on their biocompatibility and biosafety. Materials & methods: PB NPs with different sizes, shapes and charges were synthesized and their biosafety and biocompatibility performance were systematically compared in vitro and in vivo. Results: Increased size and positive charge of PB NPs adversely affected cell viability, while improving their peroxidase activity and photothermal conversion efficiency. In vivo analysis demonstrated good biocompatibility of PB NPs, without retention in the organs, but increased size retarded their metabolism. Meanwhile, increased size and positive charge adversely affected hepatic and renal function. Conclusion: This comprehensive exploration of biosafety and biocompatibility provides strong evidences for the use of PB NPs as nanodrug carrier and/or imaging agent.
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