Stress as it relatesto infertility has become a global issue attracting public health concern. The present study examined the morphological changes in ovarian histology in response to oxidative stress-induced in female rats following exposure to different stressors. 92 rats of 12-14weeks old weighing between 120-160g were used for the study. Three (3) different stress models were utilized for stress induction at the rate of 1, 3, and 5hours per day for 1, 2, and 3weeks respectively. At the end of stress induction durations, bodyweights were obtained and the rats were euthanized via cervical dislocation while the ovary weights were carefully isolated and their weights recorded. The harvested ovary was sectioned, mounted on slides, stained, and observed under the microscope for histopathological investigations. Findings from this study established that exposure to restraint mirror or intruder stressor significantly (p<0.05) altered the body and/or ovary weights of the rats irrespective of the rate of exposure when compared to the control group. Cellular degeneration, infiltration, and atretic follicular changes were observed in the ovarian histology of rats in response to stress-inducedchanges caused by exposure to restraint or intruder stressors, whereas, equivalent exposure of the rats to mirror stressor did not result in any observed degenerative changes in the histology of the ovary studied. Our study revealed that exposure to restraint or intruder stressor points towards the existence of stress contributes towardsorgan/body weight changes and cellular damage inthe ovarian tissuespossiblycausing pathogenesis in reproductive capacity of females.

Cottonseed oil is an extract from the seeds of cotton plant, that is rich in protein, carbohydrate and fiber.          The objective of the research was to study the effect of cottonseed oil on the histology of the testis.          Materials and methods. Twelve adult male Wistar rats weighing 200 – 250g, were randomly sorted into four groups (I - IV), each containing three animals. Cottonseed oil was administered orally to the experimental animals by means of an orogastric tube. The rats in Group I (the control group) received standard rat pellet and oral normal saline ad libitum only. The animals in Groups II, III, and IV received 0.2 ml, 0.6 ml and 1.0 ml of cotton seed oil per body weight respectively. On the 21st day, the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. The testes were excised and, then, fixed with appropriate fixatives for routine tissue processing.          Results. The results revealed an increase in the luminal diameter of seminiferous tubules, a decrease in the Leydig cell population, the disorientation of spermatogenic series and their detachment from the germinal epithelium.          Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that oral administration of cottonseed oil to male rats displayed a deleterious effect on their testis by disrupting spermatogenesis and the histological architecture of the testis.

The morphometric parameters of the maxillary sinus are important in the forensic identification of unknown human skulls. This study aimed at determining the accuracy of using the dimensions of the maxillary sinus in sex determination. Skull Computed Tomography images of 292 adult patients, stored in the Radiology Department of a teaching hospital in Nigeria were retrospectively used to measure the dimensions of the maxillary sinus after obtaining the institution's approval. Using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 23, the side and gender comparisons were evaluated using student's t-test while the correlation between the metric parameters was determined using Pearson's test. P-value was considered significant at <0.05. Discriminant function analysis was used to evaluate the accuracy of using the dimensions for sex prediction. The dimensions of the maxillary sinus were significantly larger in males than in females (p<0.05) but lacked significant association with age (p>0.05). The left maxillary sinus height was the best sex discriminating variable (238,81.5%). The accuracy of correct sex prediction increased when all the dimensions of the right (240,82.2%), left (243,83.2%) or both maxillary sinuses (258,88.4%) were used. In conclusion, the MS dimensions may be used for sex determination with acceptable accuracy in the studied population.

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Datura metel stramonium (leaves) extract has traditionally been used to treat swellings, burns, ulcers, asthma and sinus infections. However, report indicate that this plant is a strong poison and has been linked to delirium and acute poisoning, which may result in death. Aim: Histomorphological potentials and biochemical effects of Datura metel stramonium on the kidneys of adult male Wistar rats. Fresh Datura metel leaves were harvested, cleaned, air-dried and crushed into fine powder and cold macerated in 0.5 L of 80% v/v methanol in water for 72 hours and the resultant mixture was filtered using Whatman filter paper (No.1). The filtrate was condensed to dryness in vapour at 400C using water bath, yielding 9g (18% w/w) of a semi-solid extract and stored in the refrigerator at 40C until use. Twenty-four (24) adult male Wistar rats were divided into four (4) groups of six (6) animals each. Groups 1 (0.2ml of distilled water), 2 (200 mg/kg), 3 (400 mg/kg), and 4 (600 mg/kg) body weight/day had oral administration for twenty-eight (28) days. The Wistar rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and kidney tissues were excised for histomorphological and biochemical examinations.

Datura metel stramonium (leaves) extract has traditionally been used to treat swellings, burns, ulcers, asthma and sinus infections. However, report indicate that this plant is a strong poison and has been linked to delirium and acute poisoning, which may result in death. Aim: Histomorphological potentials and biochemical effects of Datura metel stramonium on the kidneys of adult male Wistar rats. Fresh Datura metel leaves were harvested, cleaned, air-dried and crushed into fine powder and cold macerated in 0.5 L of 80% v/v methanol in water for 72 hours and the resultant mixture was filtered using Whatman filter paper (No.1). The filtrate was condensed to dryness in vapour at 400C using water bath, yielding 9g (18% w/w) of a semi-solid extract and stored in the refrigerator at 40C until use. Twenty-four (24) adult male Wistar rats were divided into four (4) groups of six (6) animals each. Groups 1 (0.2ml of distilled water), 2 (200 mg/kg), 3 (400 mg/kg), and 4 (600 mg/kg) body weight/day had oral administration for twenty-eight (28) days. The Wistar rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and kidney tissues were excised for histomorphological and biochemical examinations.

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