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O artigo analisa o modelo de Gestão Compartilhada de P&D entre a Petrobras e a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) à luz das teorias da Dependência de Recursos e de Redes Interorganizacionais. Este sistema é uma parceria tecnológica alinhada ao modelo da hélice tripla, onde o conhecimento está sendo construído através da interação empresa & universidade & governo. A parceria, incentivada pela Lei do Petróleo, é coordenada pelo Centro de Pesquisas da Petrobras e serviu de modelo para a criação de redes temáticas da Petrobras. As redes desenvolvem as pesquisas que, por alguma razão, não podem ser realizadas pela estrutura própria da companhia e atuam de forma complementar a seus processos internos de P&D. Apresenta-se o histórico do relacionamento entre a organização empresarial de base tecnológica e a organização acadêmica. Fazem-se considerações teóricas sobre o modelo ao mesmo tempo que são propostos alguns pontos para melhoria.

Electromagnetic resistive heating (ERH) is a thermal stimulation technique in which the electrical current passes through formation increasing the original temperature by Joule effect. Thus, greater is the electrical current intensity, highest reservoir temperatures are reached. This method is much influenced by electrical conductivity of the interested zone mainly due to electrical conductivity of connate water. So, water is directly heated by Joule effect and oil is heated by both conduction and convection heat transfer. In this work, it was studied a combination of time heating without production and heating with concomitant production, which provides a greater economic advantage depending on energy price used and oil price produced, since oil production is increased due to heating provided by ERH.This method is suitable for use in wide kinds of reservoirs, with different characteristics of reservoir thickness, injectivity, formation permeability, formation porosity, pressure, depth, temperature, oil saturation and oil viscosity. Depending on the energy magnitude delivered to reservoir and formation pressure, this method can be an alternative to in situ steam generation. For offshore productions systems, where the platform surface is limited, the ERH becomes a quite attractive thermal method, been an alternative to steam flooding avoiding heat losses in pipes.A good strategy for ERH process is, first of all, to choose an electrodes configuration, and after, to control the energy delivered to reservoir, by electrodes voltages, depending of desirable oil rate and temperature obtained in electrodes zones. Electromagnetic resistive heating may produce even better results with water flooding to displace the mobile oil bank after electrical heating, regulating the reservoir pressure and adjusting the electrical conductivity of the system. So, it was possible to optimize the operational parameters to maximize the oil recovery with minimal energy requirement, resulting in an economic advantage.In this work, it was studied an application of Electromagnetic Resistive Heating in a reservoir with similar characteristics of those found in Brazilian Northeast Basin. The obtained results can be extrapolated to others important applications, for example, offshore heavy oil reservoirs, where, actually, there is no available technology to exploit them.

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In the last years, an alternative more and more used by the oil industry to increase the efficiency of Steamflooding has been the addition of solvents. In this work, a numerical study was done to analyze the influence of some operational parameters (steam injection rate, injected solvent volume and solvent type) on oil recovery. Simulations were performed in STARS, a CMG program. Using Contour Plots, it was possible to analyze the interactions between the operational parameters and to obtain the "optimum" regions for work. Comparisons between the models also were performed using several plots, such as fraction of oil recovered versus production time and fraction of oil recovered versus pore volume injected (PVI). To try to reduce the solvent volume required, were studied some cases of solvent injection interruption. To calculate the Net Present Value (NPV), were considered the sale price of the oil produced, the steam generation cost, the oil production cost and the purchase price of the solvents.The applicability of the method was investigated in a heavy oil reservoir with properties similar to those found in Brazilian Potiguar Basin (200 m depth, porosity of 30%, vertical/horizontal permeabilities ratio of 10% and thickness around 35 m).It was found that the solvents addition to the injected steam not only anticipated the arrival of the heated oil bank to the producer well, but also increased the oil recovery. Lower cold water equivalent volumes were required to achieve the same oil recoveries of the models that injected only steam. Furthermore, much of the injected solvent was produced with the oil from the reservoir, what contributed to the method economic viability in terms of NPV.A significant fraction of the hydrocarbon reserves in the world is formed by heavy oils. The high initial productions achieved by models that use solvents have generally a significant impact on the operation economics. On environmental point of view, solvent injection can provide a reduction of energy and also a reduction in water consumptions for steam generation, having diminished Green House Gases emissions.