Detailed local geological and hydrogeophysical investigations were carried out for the aquifer in Yaoundé, Cameroon to delineate the architecture of different subsurface geological horizons using lithologs and generated vertical electrical sounding (VES) data. An attempt has also been made to estimate aquifer transmissivity from resistivity data. The transmissivity of the uncon?ned aquifer was computed by determining the Dar-Zarrouk parameters (longitudinal unit conductance and transverse unit resistance) and were compared with the actual field transmissivity. The results showed a direct relation between aquifer transmissivity and transverse resistance. The relationship established has therefore, been generalized in the study area in order to evaluate hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity at all the points where geoelectrical measurements have been carried out. This generalization allows one to derive maps of the product K<i>σ</i> and transmissivity in the study area based on geoelectrical measurements. These maps are important in future modelling processes oriented towards better exploitation of the aquifers
La région de Sangmélima est une portion du Complexe du Ntem, la terminaison septentrionale du craton du Congo d'âge archéen. Elle est située entre 2 °45' et 3 °02' N et 11 °55' et 12 °15' E. L'étude morphotectonique réalisée dans cette zone est fondée sur les techniques de traitement des images ETM+ de landsat-7 et les méthodes classiques de prospection géologique croisées à travers un système d'information géographique (SIG). L'objectif est d'évaluer l'apport de ces images dans la cartographie structurale. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence une déformation polyphasée D1 -D4 où D1 est soulignée par une foliation S1 globalement orientée E-W à NW-SE dans l'encaissant. D2 est représenté par les foliations S1 /2 transposées dans l'encaissant et foliation S2 dans les plutonites. L'ensemble est reprist par un épisode décrochant et transpressif conjugué D3 caractérisé par un cisaillement N-S à NE-SW. A cette D3 fait suite un épisode de déformation cassante D4 , induite par une double compression conjuguée NNW-SSE et NNE-SSW. L'extension de la télédétection à l'ensemble du domaine archéen du sud Cameroun dont l'apport s'est avéré conséquent dans la région de Sangmélima, devrait améliorer la cartographie géologique de cette région.
The study area includes an area between 6° to 8°N and 11° to 15°E. Geologically, it belongs to Precambrian basement (granites, gneisses), Proterozoic, and Archean (volcanic) series, showing the main heat sources of Cameroon. The purpose of this study deals to analyze and interpret the EMAG2 magnetic data in the Adamawa area using various advanced processing techniques. Thus, the mapping and depth estimation of underground structures are realized. The analysis of aeromagnetic map of the reduction to equator (RTE) in Adamawa area reveals rapidly evolving subsurface geological presented its lithological and structural. In the same, the power spectrum-processing tool clearly emphasizes shallow and deep underground heat sources. Two magnetic source location methods (source parameter imaging and analytical signal) are used to characterize of the source. The estimated magnetic source depths from source parameter imaging (SPI) are between 0.3 km and 22 km. The analytical signal ranges from 0.2 km to 31 km. In addition, the comparative study of 2D magnetic modelling showed that the basement is affected by the faults in the main directions of N-S, NE-SW, NW-SE, and WNW-ESE. The resulting structural map based on the tectonic map of Adamawa magnetic basement is a document that can simplify future hydrological and geothermal exploration.
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