There is no clear difference in the incidence of VAP in SI compared with G enteral nutrition. Patients given feeding into the SI do receive higher calorie and protein intakes.
An analysis of the entrance and discharge of the pollen tube into the embryo sac of Gossypium hirsutum was made with the light and electron microscopes. The following sequence of events is seen in cotton: 1. One of the two synergids begins to degenerate following pollination but before the pollen tube reaches the embryo sac. This degeneration is marked by the swelling and darkening of the organelle membranes, the collapse of the vacuoles, and the disappearance of the plasma membrane. Striking chemical changes accompany the structural degeneration. 2. The pollen tube grows into the degenerating synergid through the filiform apparatus. The tube ceases growth while the tip is still in the synergid. A pore develops on the chalazal side of the tube in a subterminal position. 3. The pollen tube cytoplasm and the sperm are discharged into the degenerating synergid through the pore in the tube. Following discharge a plug forms at the pore. None of the discharge leaves the synergid except the sperm nuclei which enter the egg or central cell directly from the synergid. The X-bodies present in the synergid are the remains of the sperm cytoplasm. The data stress the importance of the degenerating synergid in pollen tube discharge and the entrance of the sperm nuclei into the egg and central cell. A hypothesis is presented to explain the passage of the sperm nuclei into the egg and central cell. The data show clearly that the pollen tube does not destroy the synergid it enters, and that the degenerating synergid following pollen-tube discharge is remarkably stable.
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy before bronchial artery embolization is unnecessary in patients with hemoptysis of known causation if the site of bleeding can be determined from radiographs and no bronchoscopic airways management is needed.
The mature embryo sac of wheat contains an egg apparatus composed of an egg cell and two synergids at the micropylar end, a central cell with two large polar nuclei in the middle, and a mass of 20 to 30 antipodals at the chalazal end. A comparison was made of the ultrastructural features of the various cells of the embryo sac. The features included the position of the nucleus and vacuoles, the number, structure, and distribution of organelles, and the extent of the cell walls surrounding each cell. The pollen tube enters one synergid through the filiform apparatus from the micropyle. The penetration and discharge of the pollen tube causes the further degeneration of that synergid, which had already undergone changes before pollination. The second synergid does not change further in appearance following the penetration of the first by the pollen-altered tube. Half an hour after pollination at 20–25 °C, two male nuclei are seen in the cytoplasm of the egg and the central cell. At about 1 h after pollination, one sperm has made contact with the egg nucleus, while the other sperm is fusing with one of the polar nuclei.
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