ABSTRAKColletotrichum acutatum dikenal sebagai agens penyebab utama penyakit antraknosa cabai di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menetukan variabilitas genetika C. acutatum di Jawa dan Sumatera berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan molekul, serta untuk mengevaluasi patogenisitas beberapa isolat. Pengamatan karakter morfologi meliputi warna dan pertumbuhan setiap koloni, serta bentuk dan ukuran konidium. Identifikasi molekuler melalui amplifikasi DNA menggunakan primer spesifik untuk C. acutatum, yaitu CaInt2/ITS4 dan analisis sikuen. Uji patogenesitas di laboratorium untuk setiap isolat dilakukan terhadap Capsicum annuum dan C. frutescens. Keragaman morfologi diamati pada 40 isolat C. acutatum. Sebagian besar isolat memiliki koloni putih/krem, bentuk konidium fusiform dengan panjang rata-rata 6.11-9.73 µm dan lebar 2.24-2.73 µm. Uji patogenisitas 3 isolat C. acutatum menunjukkan variasi dari sedang sampai tinggi berdasarkan ukuran lesio pada cabai. Berdasarkan perunutan DNA 8 isolat C. acutatum dari Jawa dan Sumatera memiliki homologi yang tinggi.Kata kunci: amplifikasi DNA, analisis sikuens, konidium, warna koloni ABSTRACT Colletotrichum acutatum is known as the major causal agents of anthracnose disease of chilli pepper in Indonesia. This research was aimed to study genetic variability of C. acutatum in Java and Sumatera based on morphological and molecular characteristics and to evaluate pathogenicity of several isolates. Observation on morphological characteristics involved colour and growth of each colony as well as shape and size of conidia. Molecular identification was performed by DNA amplification using specific primer for C. acutatum, i.e. CaInt2/ITS4 followed by sequencing and nucleotide sequence analysis. Pathogenicity test for each isolate on Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens was conducted in the laboratory using detached chilli. Morphology variability was observed from 40 isolates of C. acutatum. Most of the isolates have white/beige colonies with fusiform conidia of 6.11-9.73 µm in length and 2.24 -2.73 µm in width. Pathogenicity of 3 C. acutatum isolates varies from moderate to high based on lesions size on infected chilli. Sequence analysis of 8 C. acutatum isolates indicated high homology among isolates from Java and Sumatera.
Identity of Botrytis Species on Horticultural Crops In West Java, IndonesiaBotrytis species are economically important pathogens with a very broad host range including more than 200 horticultural crops. The identity of these fungus found in Indonesia has not been investigated and need to be reconfirmed due to the species variations of Botrytis found worldwide. The aims of this research were to identify Botrytis species infecting crops in West Java based on its morphology and molecular characteristics, as well as its pathogenicity traits. Based on morphological characters, all 25 isolates found were identified as B. cinerea. ITS-based sequences of the 8 isolates showed 96-100% similarity to reported B. cinerea in GenBank. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed that all collected B. cinerea were grouped in the same cluster with Australia, Netherlands, and other Asian region isolates. Pathogenicity tests using strawberry fruits demonstrated that all isolates were pathogenic as indicated by grey mold symptom development; the isolates from orchid showed the highest virulence. This research is the first report confirming Botrytis cinerea identity based on morphology and molecular methods in Indonesia, and also confirmed B. cinerea as the only species of Botrytis found in West Java.
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