Abstract. Increasing population growth has created problems in water resources. Natural water resources become progressively more expensive and difficult to develop. In addition, it is also becoming increasingly polluted and difficult to obtain. Many countries shown a resurgent interest in the use of rainwater harvesting (RWH) technique to overcome these problems. There are several factors that will influence the RWH performance, such as the rainfall, catchment area, storage tank capacity, and water demand. The performance parameter determines by the volumetric reliability, time reliability, and yield. The RWH system used in this study is a simple RWH system that utilizes roof as a catchment area, pipes as a distribution system and tank as a storage. An analysis is carried out to investigate the effect of altering the large of the catchment area and storage tank capacity to the RWH system performance parameters. A suitable behavioral model based on the water balance method is implemented to evaluate the inflow, outflow, and the storage volume. Results demonstrate that with up to 15 years daily rainfall data in 15 cities in Indonesia, the most influential parameters on the performance of RWH system is the time reliability.

Buildings account for around 30 percent of the world’s total energy consumption and a similar percentage of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions the main cause of climate change. The building sector is a major energy consumer, and empirical research reveals that carbon-dioxide emissions from the building sector exceed those of the industry and transport sectors. Contextual juxtaposition has commonly been applied in designing a new building in the historic district. In the realm of design, such philosophy-based design approach requires objective measurements. When new glass building considered, the question on greenhouse gas emissions becomes significant. To minimize energy consumption and reduce sun glare, brise-soleil and horizontal fixed shading devices have been used as elements of building’s facade. Nowadays, algae as part of building facade system have been used in creating a healthier indoor environment. This paper is written based on an on-going architectural design-based research on the use and role of algae as part of the building facade system. The new building of ITB Innovation Park is used as an infill project. With the help of modelling and extensive literature survey, this research will investigate how far the building (facade) design is affected by considerations on energy consumption pattern and environmental condition.

According to UNESCO Convention 1972, cultural heritage consists of tangible and intangible heritage. Soundscape has been considered as a part of the intangible heritage, and it refers to the perceptual quality. In the realm of built environment, perceptual qualities become important concerns, since cultural heritage cannot be described and appreciated using mono-sensorial analysis fundamentally based on vision. As perceptual construct, soundscape has been considered as a new approach in understanding the formation and design of sensitive urban environment. It is argued that perceptual quality, besides visual aesthetics, geographic, psychological and socio-cultural aspects, must be part of the considerations in architecture and urban design. Bandung is well-known for its urban heritage, and as former well-designed colonial town, the historic buildings and areas have morphologically constituted the structure of the inner city. However, the modernization and globalization have led to inevitable transformations, including the destruction of historic places and fabric/district of cultural significance. With the latest urban dynamics, urban environment has also experienced an inescapable process of “sound globalization”, which led to the losing of specific sound-marks in the respective area. This paper is based upon an ongoing research project on strategy for conservation of historic urban areas using soundscape approach. Methodologically, through sound walks, surveys and interviews, several notions relating to urban spatial and formal quality have been collected, assessed and interpreted. The result stands for the understanding of perceptual aspects and quality of urban space in historic urban areas that may contribute to the heritage conservation strategy.

Abstract.One of the attempts to tackle the problem in water resources is to exploit the potential of rainwater volume with rainwater harvesting (RWH) system. A number of rainfall data required for analyzing the RWH system performance. In contrast, the availability of rainfall data is occasionally difficult to obtain. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of difference rainfall data duration and time period to assess the RWH system performance. An analysis was conducted on the rainfall data based on rainfall data duration and time period. The analysis was performed considering 15, 5, 3, 2 years, average year, wet year, and dry year for Palembang city in South Sumatera. The RWH system performance is calculated based on the concept of yield before spillage algorithm. A number of scenarios were conducted by varying the tank capacity, roof area, and the rainwater demand. It was observed that the use of data with a smaller duration provides a significant difference, especially for high rainwater demand. In addition, the use of daily rainfall data would describe the behavior of the system more thoroughly. As for time step, the use of monthly rainfall data is only sufficient for low rainwater demand and bigger tank capacity.

Dinamika pembangunan dan modernisasi acapkali tidak memberikan ruang bagi upaya pelestarian dan perlindungan warisan budaya. Keberadaan diskrepansi dalam struktur masyarakat membatasi pengungkapkan apresiasi terhadap warisan budaya pada umumnya. Selain itu, realitas sosial yang mendukung nilai-nilai arsitektur/seni bangunan masih berupa fragmen-fragmen yang tidak mudah dikaitkan satu sama lain secara arsitektural. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan penafsiran warisan budaya menjadi hal kritikal dalam kegiatan pelestarian arsitektur/lingkungan binaan. Akibatnya, kegiatan pelestarian menjadi tidak mudah dilakukan.Kegiatan pelestarian arsitektur berkelanjutan tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kerangka modernisasi pembangunan. Dengan demikian, upaya pemanfaatan warisan budaya perlu disertai upaya pemaknaan agar pelestarian memiliki kontribusi nyata bagi komunitasnya. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pelestarian perlu mempersoalkan kembali aspek non bendawi, nilai dan makna, yang seringkali diabaikan dan disalahartikan, sehingga pelestarian warisan budaya tidak terbatas pada aspek fisik. Makalah ini menyatakan bahwa upaya pemahaman pelestarian sebagai sebuah proses diharapkan dapat membuka sejumlah penafsiran baru untuk dikritisi, khususnya makna dan nilai, integritas dan autentisitas serta signifikansi.Kata-kunci : autentisitas, integritas, pelestarian arsitektur, pemaknaan tempat, warisan budaya 1 Istilah lain untuk cultural significance adalah cultural heritage significance atau seringkali disebut sebagai cultural heritage value, yang berarti nilai keunggulan/signifikansi budaya.

is far more crowded after the revitalization has been completed. The projects carried out improvements in terms of the area fabrics, building revitalization, and street furniture. These architectural elements have enhanced tourists' visual attraction, especially for getting selfies and taking pictures. The photo uploaded to social media attracts local and international tourists. Some corridors or spots often appear when the public search for keywords about Kota Lama Semarang on social media. This research aims to discover how people perceived Kota Lama Semarang's visual representation in the social media era, particularly on Instagram. Furthermore, this is the early step to go towards the digital placemaking concept. The photo-mapping method was conducted, in which the photos were collected through social media using Kota Lama Semarang hashtag and overlayed into the Kota Lama Semarang map. The result gives visual perspectives from Instagrammers related to the spots and architectural elements representing Kota Lama Semarang. These popular spots should have further attention to Kota Lama tourism's sustainability and its precinct's visual quality while taking authenticity and integrity into consideration.

When it comes to understanding the spread of COVID-19, recent studies have shown that pathogens can be transmitted in two ways: direct contact and airborne pathogens. While the former is strongly related to the distancing behavior of people in society, the latter are associated with the length of the period in which the airborne pathogens remain active. Considering those facts, we constructed a compartmental model with a time-dependent transmission rate that incorporates the two sources of infection. This paper provides an analytical and numerical study of the model that validates trivial insights related to disease spread in a responsive society. As a case study, we applied the model to the COVID-19 spread data from a university environment, namely, the Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, during its early reopening stage, with a constant number of students. The results show a significant fit between the rendered model and the recorded cases of infections. The extrapolated trajectories indicate the resurgence of cases as students’ interaction distance approaches its natural level. The assessment of several strategies is undertaken in this study in order to assist with the school reopening process.

Understanding conceptions of the protection of cultural heritage continues to develop until now. Presently, urban historic places are not only comprehended as tangible but also include intangible dimensions. However, the conservation of cultural heritage dominantly still emphasises the visual sense more than any other senses. Thus, this paper addressed several questions on the role of human senses, the historic sonic environments, and the soundmarks of the past in examining a historical area. This paper aims to reveal the relation between sound sources and its predicted sonic environment in historic places over the time. The case study was Fatahillah Square, Jakarta, which has been documented from the 19th century until now. Some methods were carried out such as soundwalk, recalled in memory, and visual analysis. The results show that comprehensive study of multisensorial stimulus can increase a holistic understanding of historic places. Therefore, the protection of historic sites cannot only focus on the object per se, but also it must be considered to be a holistic entity. This research highlights new perspectives in analysing historical areas using combination of pictorial sources and sonic information.