The high performance processing (HPP) is an innovative architecture which targets on high performance computing with excellent power efficiency and computing performance. It is suitable for data intensive applications like supercomputing, machine learning and wireless communication. An example chip with four application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) cores which is the first generation of HPP cores has been taped out successfully under Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 40 nm low power process. The innovative architecture shows great energy efficiency over the traditional central processing unit (CPU) and general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU). Compared with MaPU, HPP has made great improvement in architecture. The chip with 32 HPP cores is being developed under TSMC 16 nm field effect transistor (FFC) technology process and is planed to use commercially. The peak performance of this chip can reach 4.3 teraFLOPS (TFLOPS) and its power efficiency is up to 89.5 gigaFLOPS per watt (GFLOPS/W).
Clock tree design plays a critical role in improving chip performance and affecting power. In this paper, we propose a novel symmetrical clock tree synthesis algorithm, including tree architecture planning, matching, merging, embedding and buffer insertion. Obstacle-aware placement and routing are also integrated into the algorithm flow. By using NGSPICE simulation for benchmark circuits, our skew results decrease by 17.2% while using less than 24.5% capacitance resource compared with traditional symmetrical clock tree. Further, we also validated the algorithm in ASIC design.
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