In the present study, magnetic HAP was synthesized at different ratios of Fe:Ca
(XFe/Ca) by the co-precipitation method. We have evaluated the present essential properties
including the crystal structure and cell parameters by XRD, lattice arrangement by
HR-TEM, composition analysis by ICP-MS, and functional groups by FTIR. The
morphology and magnetization were investigated by SEM and AFM and SQUID,
respectively. The in vitro biocompatibility was also investigated with a lactate
dehydrogenase assay.
The results showed that the crystal and molecular structure of the synthesized
magnetic-HAP nanoparticle remained unaltered without collapse with the addition of
iron ions. The lattice constants of m-HAP were similar to reference JCPDS card
no. 9-432. The magnetization of m-HAP nanoparticles increased with increasing
XFe/Ca
and possessed the superparamagnetic property with size distribution around 20 nm.
The hydroxyapatite-based magnetic nanoparticles were also examined with good
biocompatibility. With the appropriate physico-chemical and biological properties, the
magnetic-HAP nanoparticles would have great potential to be applied in biomedical
applications.
Mineral oxides might not result in significant changes in the crystal phases or microstructures during the hydration of CS-based biomaterials, but these compounds affected the hydration behavior at the molecular level.
Partial-stabilized cement (PSC) is a kind of modified calcium silicate cement used for root-end surgery. Minor transition metal elements Co, Cr, and Zn were added for enhancing the setting property of to PSC. In our previous study, minor transition metal additions greatly improved the setting property of PSC. However, the concern of metal toxicity was raised, as the material would be used in the human body. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of PSC in comparison with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), which is one of the commercialized materials used for dental root-end filling. Primary osteoblast cell was used as the target cell. Cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, viability, function, and senescence were analyzed. The cytotoxicity of the PSC-Zn group (PSC with Zn addition) was similar to that of MTA. PSC-Zn is not only nontoxic at the cellular level but also has adequate mechanical property, which makes it a potential root-end filling material for apical surgery.
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