Many strategies have been adopted to engineer bone-ligament interface, which is of great value to both the tissue regeneration and the mechanism understanding underlying interface regeneration. However, how to recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity of the native bone-ligament interface including the structural, cellular and mechanical gradients is still challenging. In this work, a bioinspired grid-crimp micropattern fabricated by melt electrospinning writing (MEW) was proposed to mimic the native structure of bone-ligament interface. The printing strategy of crimped fiber micropattern was developed and the processing parameters were optimized, which were used to mimic the crimp structure of the collagen fibrils in ligament. The guidance effect of the crimp angle and fiber spacing on the orientation of fibroblasts was studied, and both of them showed different levels of cell alignment effect.. MEW grid micropatterns with different fiber spacings were fabricated as bone region. Both the alkaling phosphatase activity and calcium mineralization results demonstrated the higher osteoinductive ability of the MEW grid structures, especially for that with smaller fiber spacing. The combined grid-crimp micropatterns were applied for the co-culture of fibroblasts and osteoblasts. The results showed that more cells were observed to migrate into the in-between interface region for the pattern with smaller fiber spacing, suggested the faster migration speed of cells. Finally, a cylindrical triphasic scaffold was successfully generated by rolling the grid-crimp micropatterns up, showing both structural and mechanical similarity to the native bone-ligament interface. In summary, the proposed strategy is reliable to fabricate grid-crimp triphasic micropatterns with controllable structural parameters to mimic the native bone-to-ligament structure, and the generated 3D scaffold shows great potential for the further bone-ligament interface tissue engineering.
Metal halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are widely used in the display field due to their excellent photoelectric properties, such as ultra-narrow half-peak widths and ultra-pure luminescence color purity. Inkjet printing, laser direct writing and electrospinning are all common methods for PQDs printing to prepare micropattern displays. In order to produce large-scale and high-resolution PQDs micropatterns, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technology is capable of large-scale deposition of highly oriented nanofibers on rigid or pliable, flat or bent substrates with the advantages of real-time regulation and single control. Therefore, it has a lot of potential in the fabrication of pliable electronic devices for one-dimensional ordered light-emitting fibers. Polycaprolactone (PCL) as an EHD printing technology polymer material has the advantages of superior biocompatibility, a low melting point, saving energy and easy degradation. By synthesizing CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) and PCL composite spinning stock solution, we used the self-built EHD printing platform to prepare the PCL@CsPbBr3 composite light-emitting optical fiber and realized the flexible display of high-resolution micropatterns in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) packaging. An x-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) were used to characterize and analyze the fiber’s morphology, phase and spectral characteristics. EHD printing technology may open up interesting possibilities for flexible display applications based on metal halide PQDs.
Electrospinning (ES) of ceramic fibers has mostly remained in the research level, which can be because of the hard process and parameters controlling the low rate of production. The yield of fiber production by solution blow spinning (SBS) is exciting but the production process is unstable due to the reverse flow phenomenon. In this paper, we prepared high-performance ceramic fibers by gas-assisted electrospinning (GES), which combined the advantages of ES and SBS. Also, comprehensive numerical and experimental analysis for nanofibers produced using GES are provided. The gas flow characteristics through different parameters' nozzle were investigated numerically using computational fluid dynamics and experimentally in a custom-built gas-assisted electrospinning setup to produce SiO2 nanofibers.
Chemical composition analysis, chromatography and spectroscopy are dominate quality evaluation methods for agarwood, which are cumbersome and time-consuming. To facilitate its quality evaluation, a global-to-local optimization method is proposed to automatically inspect the appearance of the burned agarwood stick. First, a dissimilarity coefficient is defined by the attributes of the connected domains to coarsely localize the carbon line region. Then, the threshold for the coarsely localized carbon line region is adaptively determined based on grayscale characteristics of image patches partitioned from the coarsely localized carbon line region. Next, the threshold is used to extract the contour of the carbon line region and to establish the fine localization model for locally and precisely localizing the carbon line region. Finally, an ash shrinkage compensation coefficient is defined to calculate the ash shrinkage rate (ASR). The ASR combined with carbon line height is utilized to characterize the appearance of burned agarwood. Experimental results indicate that the proposed inspection method can well detect the carbon line regions and ashes of burned agarwood sticks, with a mean ASR error of 0.74%, which is superior to some existing inspection methods.
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