FeCoSiBNbCu bulk metallic glass with large compressive deformability studied by time-resolved synchrotron Xray diffraction J. Appl. Phys. 115, 053520 (2014); 10.1063/1.4864671Fracture mechanism of some brittle metallic glasses

Dietary fibers (DFs) regulate host health through various mechanisms related to their dietary sources, specific physicochemical structures, fermentability, and physiological properties in the gut. Considering the numerous types and sources of DFs and their different physicochemical and physiological properties, it is challenging yet important to establish the key mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of DFs. In this review, the types and structures of DFs from different fruits and vegetables were summarized and the effects of different processing methods on DF properties were discussed. Moreover, the impacts of DFs on gut microbial ecology, host physiology, and health were described. Understanding the complex interaction between different DFs and gut microbiota is vital for personalized nutrition. It is also important to comprehend factors influencing gut microbiota and strategies to regulate the microbiota, thereby augmenting beneficial health responses. The exploration of molecular mechanism linking DFs, gut microbiota, and host physiology may allow for the identification of effective targets to fight against major chronic diseases.

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A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, slightly halophilic and facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain D15-8W(T), was isolated from the sediment of the South China Sea. Growth was found to occur optimally at 25 °C, between pH 7.0 and 8.0 and with 1-5 % (w/v) NaCl. The strain was observed to utilize a variety of organic substrates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as sole carbon sources. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 58.7 %. The predominant respiratory quinone was found to be Q-9. The significant fatty acids were determined to be C(16:0), C(16:1) ω9c, C(18:1) ω9c, C(12:0) and C(14:0) 3OH. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain D15-8W(T) fits within the phylogenetic cluster of the genus Marinobacter and is most closely related to Marinobacter segnicrescens CGMCC 1.6489(T), Marinobacter bryozoorum DSM 15401(T), Marinobacter lacisalsi CECT 7297(T) and Marinobacter daqiaonensis CGMCC1.9167(T). The DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain D15-8W(T) and the type strains of the most closely related species were 42.3 % (CGMCC 1.6489(T)), 39.8 % (DSM 15401(T)), 37.3 % (CECT 7297(T)) and 35.2 % (CGMCC1.9167(T)). The results of this polyphasic study indicate that strain D15-8W(T) represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter nanhaiticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is D15-8W(T) (=CGMCC 1.11019(T)=KCTC 23749(T)).

Sunxiuqinia elliptica gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from sediment in a sea cucumber farm Three novel aerobic, elliptic bacteria, designated DQHS4 T , DQHS8 and DQHS15, were isolated from sediment of a seashore pond for sea cucumber culture in Jimo, Qingdao, on the east coast of China. Cells were Gram-, oxidase-and catalase-negative. All three strains grew at 15-42 6C, pH 5-9 and NaCl concentrations between 0.5 and 10 %. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed high (.85 %) relatedness among the three novel isolates and suggested that the strains constitute a single species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that these bacteria had less than 90 % similarity to all described species of the phylum Bacteroidetes; the closest relative of the three isolates was Prolixibacter bellariivorans F2 T , sharing only 89.6 % sequence similarity. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH (19.8-20.0 %), iso-C 15 : 0 (16.9-17.3 %), anteiso-C 17 : 1 B and/or iso-C 17 : 1 I (7.4-8.7 %), C 17 : 0 2-OH (8.4 %), anteiso-C 15 : 0 (8.2-8.6 %) and C 17 : 1 v6c (5.6-6.0 %). The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and the DNA G+C content was 41.8-43.5 mol%. Based on the distinct phylogenetic position and the combination of genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, these three strains were considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the phylum Bacteroidetes, for which the name Sunxiuqinia elliptica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sunxiuqinia elliptica is DQHS4 T (5CGMCC 1.9156 T 5NCCB 100301 T 5LMG 25367 T ).

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AMR, especially that involving multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), is recognized as a global threat to human health; AMR renders infections increasingly difficult to treat, constituting an enormous economic burden and producing tremendous negative impacts on patient morbidity and mortality rates. There are many surveillance programs in the world to address AMR profiles and MDRO prevalence in humans.

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