The sustainability of watershed ecosystem functions in managing the water system can be achieved if the utilization pattern of their territories in accordance with the rules of conservation. A decrease in quantity and quality of the river water can be an indicator that condition of the watershed have been damaged. The destruction of the watershed ecosystem as a result of various causes will be able to threaten supply of sustainable water resources. The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the perceptions and behavior of upstream communities and governments about the function and role of water conservation and watershed in their behavior in the preservation of the watershed and its relationship with the current condition of the Ayung river. The study was conducted in the area upstream of Ayung river, which is in the Belok Sidan and Plaga Village, Petang, Badung, stake holder water users Ayung River such as PDAM, AMDK, rafting and farmers, as well as the government of Badung Regency that responsible for the management and conservation of Ayung River. Results of the study found that the public perception of the functions and benefits of watershed in the conservation of water resources classified in the category of high, but was followed by actions or attitudes in the medium category. There was no real relationship between perception and action, but the action affect current watershed conditions. The role and participation of stakeholders Ayung River water users were still relatively low in the preservation of the watershed, while the government's role classified as medium has not been done in an integrated among sectors and regions. From the results of this study it is recommended that the preservation of the Ayung river through various conservation action were integrated by involving communities upstream more active through the empowerment of local knowledge and improve their welfare. Government plays an important role in moving towards unity of this act.
Palm plants (Arrenga pinnata Merr) until now are not widely cultivated, but they are still forest plants. This plant can be used very much, both as a household appliance and as a home industry. The main results that are widely used in home industries are sap which is processed into palm sugar, which is then used as a sweetener in various kinds of cakes, drinks and others. This research was conducted to determine the factors that influence the production of palm sugar and to find out the risks in the small industry of palm sugar. From this study, it is expected to be used as a material consideration in advancing the palm sugar industry in rural areas, especially in the research area. This research was conducted in the Belimbing Village of Tabanan Regency, Bali. The results of this study indicate that only the factor of craftsman experience and the volume of roomie can affect palm sugar production, from five other factors that are suspected. Making palm sugar from sap material has a large risk of production of 115,587 kg, but it is still easily avoidable by craftsmen. With a risk threshold of producing 35.74 kg of printed palm sugar.
ABSTRAKBawang merah yang diusahakan oleh petani di Kintamani Kabupaten Bangli Provinsi Bali dibudidayakan pada lahan yang sangat berbeda dengan lahan pertanian pada umumnya. Daerah ini merupakan lahan spesifik lokasi, merupakan lahan yang berpasir bekas eropsi gunung Batur. Pada lahan yang demiukian cendrung memerlukan saprodi yang tinggi, sementara produksinya rendah. Tujuan penelitian dilakukan adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) laba yang diperoleh oleh petani dalam berusahatani bawang merah, dan (2) strategi yang mesti dilakukan oleh petani dalam mengalokasikan input agar petani memperoleh profit maksimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa usahatani bawang merah dispesifik lokasi relatif sangat boros dalam menggunakan sarana produksi. Dilihat dari produkstivitas biaya (AVC), maka laba/AVC sebesar 0,12. Setiap satu rupian biaya (pengeluaran) hanya mampu menghasilkan laba 0,12 rupiah. Jumlah ini merupakan jumlah yang sangat rendah. Dari penggunaan input, input secara bersamaan dinaikkan 10%, hanya akan dapat meningkatkan produksi sebesar 8%. Bibit berpengruh positif terhadap hasil, sedangkan tenaga kerja sewaan dan pertisida berpengaruh negative terhadap produksi bawang merah. Untuk memperoleh laba maksimum, banya input bibit yang bisa ditambahkan, sedang factor lainnya harus dikurangkan. Kata Kunci: bawang merah, laba usahatani, strategi alokasi input dan spesifik lokasi SOCA (Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian)ABSTRACT Shallots cultivated by farmers in Kintamani, Bangli Regency, Bali Province are cultivated on land that is very different from agricultural land in general. This area is a location-specific land, which is a sandy area with eruption from Gunung Batur. On land for the sake of sake, it tends to require high yields, while production is low. The purpose of the research was to find out: (1) the profits obtained by farmers in cultivating shallots, and (2) strategies that must be done by farmers in allocating inputs so that farmers get maximum profit. The results showed that specific location of onion farming was relatively very wasteful in using production facilities. The profit of onion farming obtained by farmers is Rp. 761,603 per kilo gram. Judging from the cost productivity (AVC), profit / AVC is 0.12. Every single cost (expenditure) is only able to generate profits of 0.12 rupiah. This amount is a very low amount. From the use of inputs, input simultaneously is increased by 10%, only can increase production by 8%. Bibit has a positive effect on results, while hired labor and pesticides have a negative effect on onion production. To obtain maximum profit, there are many input seeds that can be added, while other factors must be deducted.
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