Cekaman kekeringan merupakan faktor pembatas utama terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit. Selain menggunakan bahan tanaman yang toleran, peningkatan nutrisi tanaman terutama kalium juga berpengaruh meningkatkan toleransi tanaman terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian simulasi di rumah kaca untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kalium dan cekaman kekeringan pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Madurejo, Kecamatan Prambanan, Kabupaten Sleman,Yogyakarta Menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap. Perlakuan yang dicobakan antara lain dosis kalium yang terdiri dari 5 taraf yaitu 0%, 50%, 100%, 150% dan 200% dosis standar dan cekaman kekeringan yang terdiri dari 3 level cekaman yaitu kapasitas lapang (FTSW 1), cekaman moderat (FTSW 0.35) dan cekaman berat (FTSW 0.15) dengan 3 ulangan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian kalium dapat meningkatkan kandungan dan serapan K dan Cl tanaman, meningkatkan serapan Mg akar, menurunkan kandungan N akar dan menurunkan kandungan Ca dan Mg pada tajuk tanaman. Cekaman kekeringan berdampak terhadap penurunan kandungan dan serapan N, P, dan Cl tanaman serta penurunan bobot biomassa kering tanaman. Pemberian Kalium belum berdampak terhadap produksi biomassa bibit kelapa sawit pada kondisi tercekam kekeringan
Oil palm is a drought sensitive crop. For developing effective and faster drought-tolerant plant breeding techniques, breeders are interested in developing selection based on plant morphological, physiological and biochemical. Several methods that have been tried i.e. reduced field capacity method, determination of permanent wilting point method, nursery watering dose method, utilization of soil moisture monitoring tools and the FTSW method. The FTSW (Fraction of Transpirable Soil Water) method can describe soil moisture conditions based on the amount of water that is transmitted by plants. This trial aims to study the response of some PPKS palm oil varieties to drought stress in seedling phase with FTSW method. Drought stress treatment trials were observed for 16 days. A rapid decline of FTSW value occurred in the first 7 days of drought stress treatment. Each tested seedling experienced FTSW values decrease ranging from 0.46 to 0.59. This can be caused the age of seedlings and the transpiration of large seedlings. Different soil weights for each polybag affect the rate of transpiration of each plant. Further experiments are needed to see the effect of soil weight and the influence of genetic background of plant material on screening using this FTSW method.
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