Oil palm is a drought sensitive crop. For developing effective and faster drought-tolerant plant breeding techniques, breeders are interested in developing selection based on plant morphological, physiological and biochemical. Several methods that have been tried i.e. reduced field capacity method, determination of permanent wilting point method, nursery watering dose method, utilization of soil moisture monitoring tools and the FTSW method. The FTSW (Fraction of Transpirable Soil Water) method can describe soil moisture conditions based on the amount of water that is transmitted by plants. This trial aims to study the response of some PPKS palm oil varieties to drought stress in seedling phase with FTSW method. Drought stress treatment trials were observed for 16 days. A rapid decline of FTSW value occurred in the first 7 days of drought stress treatment. Each tested seedling experienced FTSW values decrease ranging from 0.46 to 0.59. This can be caused the age of seedlings and the transpiration of large seedlings. Different soil weights for each polybag affect the rate of transpiration of each plant. Further experiments are needed to see the effect of soil weight and the influence of genetic background of plant material on screening using this FTSW method.
One of the secondary characters desired by oil palm planters is compact palm. Compact characters are characterized by slow height increment rate and short rachis length. Both characters are able to extend the economic life of oil palm and increase palm productivity. This paper will discuss the results of the evaluation of compact characters in several crosses of the third cycle progeny test of RRS (Reciprocal Recurrent Selection) program. The field trial was carried out on 21 crosses planted in 2008 at Dolok Sinumbah Estate. The observations showed that cross no. BJ62/05 and BJ05/05 have the potential to produce compact palm with the slowest height increment rates, the shortest rachis, and low LAI values. With these characters, these crosses can be planted at higher planting densities. Parents no. BJ5633D and 93-133-4T also have the potential to produce offspring with compact characters.
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