Crude palm oil, consumed as a healthy food oil, contains a 3-monochloro-propane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ester in the range of 0.04-0.05 ppm. The 3-MCPD compound is one of the contaminants belonging to the chloropropanol group that is genotoxin carcinogen. It is therefore necessary to develop an integrated palm oil refining through adsorption with a modified palm empty fruit bunch bioadsorbent to reduce 3-MCPD ester (<2 ppm / Codex Standard). Response Surface Method applied in the optimization study of the modified empty fruit bunch of oil palm. The research was designed by using Central Composite Design. The parameter process studied were temperature (60-800C), time (20-40 minutes) and oil volume (400-600 ml). Response surface of the pressurized liquid water extraction of curcumin was expressed by a second-order polynomial. The research showed that temperature was the most influencing variable for the adsorption of 3-MCPD from modified empty fruit bunch of oil palm. The response surface contour plots of the RSM on the effect of temperature, time and oil volume have showed that the optimum condition for the adsorption of 3-MCPD from modified empty fruit bunch of oil palm were adsorption performed at temperature of 86.80C, 46.81 minutes and oil volume of 668.17 ml.
ABSTRAKGizi pada masa balita perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang serius dari orang tua, karena kesehatan seorang balita sangat berhubungan erat dengan gizi yang diserap oleh tubuh. Gizi adalah suatu proses organisme menggunakan makanan yang dikonsumsi secara normal melalui proses digesti absorbsi, transportasi, penyimpanan, metabolisme, dan pengeluaran zat-zat yang tidak digunakan untuk mempertahankan kehidupan, pertumbuhan dan fungsi normal dari organ-organ dan menghasilkan energi. Pada tahun 2018 di Puskesmas Wonogiri I terdapat 2.185 balita. 25 (1,14%) balita gizi lebih, 2.054 (94,02%) balita gizi baik, 83 (3,79%) balita gizi kurang, 23 (1,05%) balita gizi buruk (Buku Register Gizi Puskesmas Wonogiri I, 2018). Informasi tentang gizi diberikan oleh tenaga kesehatan melalui kegiatan posyandu balita yang dilakukan setiap 1 bulan sekali di desa-desa sewilayah kerja puskesmas Wonogiri I. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai pengetahuan ibu balita usia 1-5 tahun tentang Gizi di Puskesmas Wonogiri I. Medote penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross secsional. Tehnik sampling menggunakan accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 96 diambil dengan rumus solvin dari 2.185 populasi serta menggunakan kuesioner pernyataan tertutup. Tehnik analisa data dengan data univariat yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekwensi. Hasil penelitian: pengetahuan ibu balita 1-5 tahun tentang gizi dalam kriteria sangat baik 88,54% dan baik 11,46%.. Kesimpulan pengetahuan ibu balita 1-5 tahun dalam kriteria sangat baik yang dipengaruhi oleh usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengalaman, jumlah anak dalam keluarga, cara mendapatkan informasi.Keyword : Pengetahuan, Ibu Balita, Balita, GiziDESCRIPTION OF TODDLER'S KNOWLEDGE MOTHER ABOUT NUTRITION IN AGE 1-5 YEARS IN WONOGIRI I PUSKESMASABSTRACTNutrition in infancy needs serious attention from parents, because the health of a toddler is very closely related to nutrition absorbed by the body. Nutrition is a process of organism using food that is consumed normally through the process of digestion absorption, transportation, storage, metabolism, and release of substances that are not used to maintain life, growth and normal function of organs and produce energy. In 2018 at Community Health Center of Wonogiri I there were 2,185 children under five. 25 (1.14%) toddlers of over nutritional status, 2,054 (94.02%) toddlers of good nutrition, 83 (3.79%) toddlers of poor nutrition, 23 (1.05%) toddlers with poor nutrition. Information of nutrition is provided by health workers through posyandu toddlers activities that are conducted every 1 month in villages in the Community Health Center of Wonogiri I. Quantitative descriptive research methodology with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling technique using accidental sampling with a sample of 96 taken with the solvin formula from 2,185 populations and using a closed statement questionnaire. Data analysis techniques with univariate data are presented in the form of frequency distribution tables. The results of the study of mothers of toddlers 1-5 years of age about nutrition in very good criteria 88.54% and good 11.46%. The conclusion of this study is the knowledge of mothers of children under five 1-5 years old in very good criteria which is influenced by age, education, work, experience, number of children in the family, how to obtain information.Keyword: Knowledge, Toddler Mother, Toddler, Nutrition
Background: Fracture is a break of tissue continuity caused by trauma or physical exertion. Surgery or operative action is a management of fracture that can cause anxiety. One of therapy to reduce anxiety can use deep breathing relaxation techniques to reduce tension especially preoperative moment. Objective: To determine effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on anxiety level of femur fracture preoperative patient in Karima Utama Surgical Hospital. Method: The type of research used quantitative research with a Quasi Experiment with Pre Test and Post Test Nonequivalent Control Group design. Sampling technique used Accidental Sampling as many as 30 respondents. Analysis data used Mann-Whitney test with confidence level of 95%. Result: Obtained P-value = 0.000 means there is a significant effect on the administration of deep breathing relaxation techniques on the anxiety level of femur fracture preoperative patients. Conclusion: There was a significant effect on the administration of deep breathing relaxation techniques on the anxiety level of femur fracture preoperative patients in the Karima Utama Surgical Hospital.
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