The article presents a general classification of the models being developed in the area of sustainability arguing that the existing models represent the historical conceptualisation of sustainability starting from environmental constraints and moving towards economic valuation and social behaviour and policies. Coupled with computer power, sophisticated models with a varying levels of complexity have also been developed (static/dynamic; local/global; specific/general). However as any model is a simplification of the complex reality, the main purpose of any sustainability modelling (and the newly emerging area of sustainometrics) should be to allow dynamic representation, including the co-evolution of the sustainability systems and the role of humans as sustainability guardians.
The need to identify wood by its anatomical features requires a detailed analysis of all the elements that make it up. This is a significant problem of structural wood science, the most general and complete solution of which is yet to be sought. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the use of computer vision methods to automate processes such as the detection, identification, and classification of different tissues and different tree species. The more successful use of these methods in wood anatomy requires a more precise and comprehensive definition of the anatomical elements, according to their geometric and topological characteristics. In this article, we conduct a detailed analysis of the limits of variation of the location and grouping of vessels in the observed microscopic samples. The present development offers criteria and quantitative indicators for defining the terms shape, location, and group of wood tissues. It is proposed to differentiate the quantitative indicators of the vessels depending on their geometric and topological characteristics. Thus, with the help of computer vision technics, it will be possible to establish topological characteristics of wood vessels, the extraction of which would be used to develop an algorithm for the automatic classification of tree species.
Sustainability requires integrated models for the description of the co-evolving relationships between the economy, society and nature. The paper argues that information theory as a transdisciplinary approach can provide the basis for new theoretical and practical developments in the modeling of sustainability. The methodological problems of its present paradigms (cybernetic, epistemological and pragmatic) however are currently being challenged by the requirements of sustainability. There is a need for a new approach to modeling based on information theory taking into account the assumptions about the nature of information processes, i.e. that they are real, spontaneous and subject to the principle of information relevance. The new sustainability modeling also needs to include intelligence as an information category. A global green information system (GGIS) is a possible example for the application of these concepts.
Everything has happened in a figurative sense.(Pascal) BEGINNING Communism created ultimately effective aesthetic structures and ultimately defective economic ones. That is what empowers its strong presence and durability in the world. That is what fortifies it. Communism is not impending. It has already happened. Factories are not built to produce commodities. They produce symbolic meanings. They symbolize industrialization. Industry represents the leading metaphor of party ideology and factories are the works of this ideology. They result in a deficit of goods, but an overproduction of symbolic meanings. Their significance is aesthetic, not economic. They are the poems of totalitarian ideology. The work process creates just these factories-poems, not commodities. The worker labours for the sake of the factory-poem, not for the sake of the market. The aim of labour in the factory is the poetic being of the factory itself. The realities of communism are poetically worked out. Society is a poetic work, which reproduces metaphors, not capital.The speech figures of party ideology are the building blocks of the mind. The key metaphors and symbols, the productive means of language, are worked out by the supreme organ of the party politburo. It is crucial to own not the machines but the metaphors, the means of production of symbolic meanings, not commodities. Labour forges symbols. The labour force cannot be a commodity, because it is the creator itself.The fundamental academic field of communism lies in its political aesthetics. The political economy is a simulative one. It generates an initial appearance of an economically motivated society. Actually, it produces the symptoms of such a society, not the causes of it. The working out of metaphors and figures of speech is that which generates life forms. The true symptoms of communism are the overproduction of words and symbols. The political economy of communism hides genuine symptoms -the politically aesthetic ones, and creates others, simulative ones.It has become quite popular, the idea that we have lived in an actually fulfilled Utopia. The common idea, that communism is impending, pre-363 Downloaded by [University of Arizona] at 17:46 02 February 2015vents us from seeing that we are actually in it. All the key metaphors of communist Utopia have turned into reality, something which will be discussed further on. We have suffered fraternity, equality, the liquidation of money, the disappearance of the state, of property, of economic structures. We have suffered the conjuration of communism. We have suffered the attempt to build it and to live in it. We have suffered the effort to survive in it too.Utopia is a certain poetic, a certain political genre. It is just that, a genre which has its own structure and generates its own metaphors. Utopia compensates for the displeasure of the aaually existing culture and power structure by inventing a sweet fictional perspective of life: an impossible perspettive, which helps us to bear the actual order of life and to critici...
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