Waste collection and transport can generate up to 70% of the total costs of the system. Separated collection of recyclables implies additional costs for which the sale of recycled waste often does not compensate, but there is increased pressure to reach the long-term recycling objectives set by law. The proper estimation and monitoring of waste collection costs are essential to define the most cost-effective waste collection system. The aim of this study is to propose and implement a management tool to determine waste collection costs for different waste collection schemes. Based on input data, such as waste quantity and composition, the number of waste bins, the location of collection points, the type of collection vehicle, crew, collection route, etc., the developed tool can calculate the time and costs of waste collection (per vehicle, collection point or tonne of collected waste). This tool uses Excel spreadsheets and it was tested on a district in the central area of the city of Kragujevac to calculate the costs of waste collection for two scenarios: Collecting all waste as mixed waste, and collecting separately recyclables and residual waste. The developed tool can be useful for municipal solid waste management companies, since it allows benchmarking and variance analysis.
This paper aims to explore the importance of globalization for the development of entrepreneurship. Changes in global business environment require new business strategies. Small business owners are expected to be able to develop the resiliency of their businesses so that they can face severe external conditions. Their sustainability depends on the resilience but also on the perspectives of long-term business operations. Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises must demonstrate their ability to anticipate changes in the market, react to them, and initiate them. This implies improvement of basic processes, learning new skills and closer cooperation with external and internal partners. Small enterprises need to redefine their goals and use their resources more effectively as a necessary condition for expanding maneuvering space for growth and for achieving sustainable development. Finally, it is concluded that organizations must establish the right balance between the challenges and benefits of globalization, and the four basic areas for achieving the right balance are adequate cost, human resources and risk management, as well as the formulation of a strategy that follows the requirements of the global market game.
Dr Milan Škulić, redovni profesor Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu1, napisao je priručnik “Osnovne novine u krivičnom procesnompravu Srbije, novi Zakonik o krivičnom postupku iz 2011. godine”,u izdanju Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu. Recenzenti su dr VojislavĐurđić, redovni profesor Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu, dr Stanko Bejatović, redovni profesor Pravnog fakulteta u Kragujevcu i dr DaniloNikolić, advokat iz Niša.
The purpose of this chapter is to measure the performance of a non-formal educational institution's website using Google Analytics data and data obtained in a separate research on specific non-formal educational institution's users. The goal was to determine the best performing acquisition channel for non-formal educational institutions and the average user profile of this kind of educational programs by means of user acquisition and behavior data. Key parameters used to measure the performance of different acquisition channels were conversion rate, average session duration, and bounce rate. User gender data and age group data were used on a side of user specific data. The findings presented in this research may be applicable to other non-formal educational institutions as well.
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