Aim: To determine the prevalence of radiationinduced oral mucositis (OM) and associated factors. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed at a reference dental care center. The medical records of patients submitted to radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer were used to collect clinical and demographic variables. The data were submitted to descriptive analysis and multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance [p<0.05; 95% confidence intervaI (CI)]. Results: Four hundred and thirteen patients were analyzed. The mean age was 55±14 years. The prevalence of OM in the overall sample was 41.9% and was higher among males (78.2%). The following variables were significantly associated with the outcome: radiation dose [prevalence ratio (PR)= 1.04; 95% CI=1.02-1.06]; concomitant chemotherapy (PR=1.48, 95% CI=1.05-2.08); oral candidiasis (PR=1.97, 95% CI=1.44-2.68); and osteoradionecrosis (PR=1.51, 95% CI=1.10-2.06). Conclusion: Radiation-induced OM was associated with radiation dose, concomitant chemotherapy, oral candidiasis and osteoradionecrosis. The rate of OM underscores the importance of adequate oral care prior to treatment for head and neck cancer.Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most significant and common complications of radio/chemotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer (1-3). The pathogenesis of OM is complex and related to xerostomia, which is a consequence of the impairment of the salivary glands caused by radiation. OM may occur during or after treatment, the debilitating adverse effects of which include severe pain as well as difficulties in eating and performing oral hygiene, thereby compromising quality of life and potentially leading to suspension of cancer treatment, which increases the risk of death (4, 5).Data on the prevalence of radiation-induced OM in patients submitted to treatment for head and neck cancer are scarce in the literature and reveal considerable variation (6, 7). Recent studies have focused more on the different methods of cancer treatment rather than the causes of OM and associated factors (8,9).The oral regions most affected by OM are the floor of the mouth, lateral edge of the tongue, buccal mucosa and soft palate (10). Erythema is the initial manifestation, followed by the development of desquamative white plaques, which ulcerate, causing considerable pain. Poor oral hygiene and an absence of clinical follow-up before and during radiotherapy may aggravate the problem (8).An in-depth investigation of OM would provide information for better clinical management of this complication, contributing to its prevention and improving the quality of life of patients (9, 10). Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of radiationinduced OM and report its associated factors.

Introduction: Treatments with dental surgery seek to displace tooth to the correct position within the dental arch. Objective:To report a clinical case that took advantage of an unerupted third molar. Case history: A male patient, 18 years of age, was referred by his dentist to evaluate the third molars. The clinical exam revealed no visible lower third molars. The computed tomography (CT) exam showed the presence of a supernumerary tooth in the region of the mandibular ramus, on the left side, and impaction of the third molar, which was causing root resorption on the second molar, thus making it impossible to remain in the buccal cavity. The preferred option, therefore, was to remove both second molar and the supernumerary tooth, in addition to attaching a device to the third molar during surgery for further traction. Results: After 12 months, the third molar reached the proper position. Conclusion: When a mandibular second permanent molar shows an atypical root resorption, an impacted third molar can effectively substitute the tooth by using an appropriate orthodontic-surgical approach.

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of osteoradionecrosis following various surgical procedures, including tooth extraction, periodontal surgery, pre‐prosthetic surgery, removal of bone spicules and removal of bone reconstruction/osteosynthesis plates. Material and methods The charts of 68 patients who had undergone post‐radiotherapy surgical procedures were reviewed. The following information was obtained: gender, age, radiotherapy dose and field, type of surgical procedure and time between the end of radiotherapy and the surgical procedure. Results Osteoradionecrosis developed in 14 patients and did not statistically correlate with gender, radiotherapy dose and field or time between the end of radiotherapy and the surgical procedure. Removal of bone spicules was significantly associated with osteoradionecrosis (P = 0.033), compared with tooth extraction, pre‐prosthetic surgery, removal of reconstruction/osteosynthesis plates and periodontal surgery. Conclusions Our findings show removal of bone spicules is a significant risk factor for the development of osteoradionecrosis, suggesting that careful evaluation and management of spicules in previously irradiated patients is particularly important in the prevention of osteoradionecrosis.

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Rationale: The aim of this work is to describe the case of a large abscess associated with a sialolith in the parotid duct. Patient Concerns: Patient's concern is evident in this pathology, because infection untreated or rapidly spreading infections can be potentially life-threatening secondary to airway compromise or septicemia. Diagnosis: Clinical examination, ultrasonography of the region, and cone beam computed tomography were requested to confirm the diagnosis of a sialolith associated with a large abscess. Treatment: Antibiotic therapy with extraoral drainage was performed. After remission of the infection, the stone was located, removed, and the edges sutured. Outcomes: The patient was followed for 6 months. There was a minimal scar without any other noteworthy change. Take-away Lessons: The pathological changes involving the salivary glands are extremely important for diagnosis and treatment plan.