Fruit processing waste accounts for 16% of waste produced and is rich in bioactive molecules, especially pectin, which is a soluble dietary fibre. Modern diets made after processing of grains lack soluble dietary fibres and this creates an opportunity for their fortification and enrichment. Fruit waste contains 5-35% soluble dietary fibres in the form of pectin which can be extracted through chemical, physical, enzymatic methods or any combination thereof. The choice of extraction method depends on ease of extraction, quantity of pectin, quality of final product extracted and economic feasibility. Conventional extraction methods take longer time and aren't environmentally friendly whereas novel extraction techniques like microwave, ultrasound, and high pressure for extraction generally give higher pectin yield with superior quality of final product. Pectin thus extracted can be added to bakery products and have been shown to increase water holding capacity and functional properties of baked products. Drinks present another scope for their incorporation since they have very low to no soluble dietary fibre component. Valorisation of fruit waste is step towards sustainable technologies in circular economy producing zero waste.
Chironji (Buchanania lanzan Spreng.) is a member of the family Anacardiaceae and it is originated in the Indian sub-continent, is an excellent multipurpose tree species. Traditional indigenous knowledge reveals the immense value of almost all parts of the plant i.e. roots, leaves, fruits, seeds and gum for various medicinal uses. Chironji (Buchanania lanzan) is an important non-wood tree species found in deciduous forests throughout the greater part of India. It is a multipurpose tree and very important plant for rural and tribal economy. It is used as a fuel, fodder, alternative host for Kusmi lac insect, and also used in cosmetic items and soaps. Seeds/ kernel are nutritional, palatable and used as a substitute of almonds in confectionery. It is widely used by Indian tribes for treating various diseases. Three major chemical constituents of potent medicinal value, namely celidoniol, vomicine, epinitol have been characterized from an organic extract of leaves. Such extracts mainly exhibit antidiabetic, anti hyperlipidemic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, wound healing, antidiarrheal, antivenom activity including a host of other curative properties. Very recently, unique biomaterials and biofilms are being extracted from seeds, which promise to become a major contributor in pharmaceutical industry. At present, it is growing under forest condition as an under exploited fruit and gives monitory reward to tribal community of the country. The tree is natural wild growth in the tropical deciduous forests of Northern, Western and Central India, mostly in the States of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and in Varanasi and Mirzapur districts and Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. Chironji is a vulnerable medicinal plant, is included in the Red Data Book published by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. In this background, there is compelling need for developing a suitable technology facilitating easy multiplication, regeneration and conservation of the species, simultaneously imparting and disseminating proper knowledge and education to the tribal population. K e y w o r d sDeciduous forests tribal community knowledge and education
Coccinia grandis also known as Ivy Gourd is a nutrient rich fast growing perennial vine plant of Cucurbitaceae family. It is a dioecious, perennial and herbaceous climber or trailing vine with glabrous stems and tuberous roots. Traditionally it is known for its medicinal and nutritional qualities and its all plant parts like roots, leaves and fruits are used in local medicinal purposes like jaundice, diabetes, wound healing, ulcers, stomach ache, skin disease, fever, asthma, cough. It is a wonderful vegetable plant species having various pharmacological properties like analgesic,
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