A BSTRACT Background: The chances of extrusion of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) are quite high if apical barrier is not present in immature pulpless permanent teeth. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) enriched with platelets and growth factors serves to accelerate the wound healing of periapical lesion in immature pulpless permanent teeth and also serves as internal matrix to condense MTA. Aim: The aim of the present study was to comprehensively review the clinical success of MTA+PRF in healing of periapical lesions in immature pulpless permanent teeth. Materials and Methods: An electronic search for systematic review was conducted in Pubmed/Medline ( www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ), Cochrane ( www.cochrane.org ), Scopus ( www.scopus.com ) databases upto 15th January 2020 related to the healing of periapical lesions in permanent teeth with immature apices when combination of MTA+PRF was used. A sample of 10 relevant studies and case reports were identified in our search out of 65. The sampling method was simple random technique. The studies and case reports with Randomised Controlled Trials(RCTs), Invitro studies, Case reports and animal studies in healing of periapical lesion were included in our comprehensive systematic review. Results: The search showed that the combination of MTA+PRF showed faster and definite periapical lesion healing in immature permanent teeth. The follow-up period was also recorded in all the relevant studies and case reports. Conclusion: Acclerated bone filling was seen in healing of periapical leions when MTA+PRF was used.
Corona virus infection has affected many people and resulted in numerous deaths. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel strain of coronavirus that has not been recognized in humans earlier. The disease originated in China and has now become a pandemic affecting countries worldwide. The clinical characteristics in children seem to be milder as compared to adults, but the exact clinical features related COVID-19 are still unknown and unclear. This is the reason why a child can be considered as a “silent carrier” for COVID-19. The pandemic has affected the children as well. Children usually suffer from the most common oral disease of dental caries. Dental caries in children has been attributed to having its pathophysiology related in a cytokine response. In the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse outcomes in children, though reported less, has been related to the establishment of a cytokine storm, the components of which are common with the cytokine expression profile of Dental caries and early childhood caries in children. Early carious lesions results in early involvement of dental pulp thereby resulting in periapical pathology. The open carious lesions can result in the direct entry of virus from saliva in the dental pulp of infected patients. The resulting periapical pathology contains viral load and hence virus enters the blood circulation. A dental setting is at a high risk of cross infection amid patients and dental practitioner’s owing to the spread of infection via droplets suspended in the air by infected symptomatic or asymptomatic subjects. This article informs about measures which reduce facility risk, manage symptomatic patients and protect personal health care and management with reference to pediatric dentistry. The antimicrobial therapy to be given to pediatric patients has been also highlighted in the present review. The clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children, though they are milder are given equal importance. Also this article reviews the precautions and guidelines to be followed by the dentists. The present article reviews the impact of Coronavirus infection on pediatric dental practice and gives the future recommendations. The present article also gives the future directions to the government which can considered if possible. KEY WORDS Children, COVID-19, Pediatric Dentistry
Insulin Resistance syndromes (IR's), are a group of genetic disorders caused due a functional defect in chromosome 19p13. It is an autosomal recessive condition. Donohue Syndrome was initially described by Donohue and Uchida in 1948 and 1954, a case of sisters born to parents with a first-degree consanguineous marriage. Infants presented with typical facial features that resembled the Leprechaun elves of Irish fairy tales. The following is a report of a rare case of dental complications of Severe Insulin Resistance Syndrome. An eight year old female child, with characteristic features of severe insulin resistance syndrome, reported to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni, presenting with cariously destructed molars and a previous history of dental treatment under local anaesthesia. Given her condition, it was decided to reduce the multiple appointments, to one appointment with all procedures done under general anaesthesia. The following case report discusses the advantages, disadvantages and post operative complications faced when forming a treatment strategy for Severe Insulin Resistance Syndrome.
Vascular lesions represent one of the rare disorders affecting overall quality of life of a child. A wide variety of these conditions are known, ranging from a simple nevus to life-threatening hemangiomas. These conditions make the treatment options more complex due to the fear of uncontrollable bleeding. The present case is one of the rare combinations of Sturge-Weber syndrome and pyogenic granuloma. Conditions of importance and treatment options keeping hemangioma in mind are discussed.
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