An attempt is made in the historical context to comprehensively assess the contribution of the Institute of Animal Husbandry NAAS in the development of biotechnology, to identify priority developments of scientists of the Department of Biotechnology of Reproduction of Farm Animals as one of the main domestic centers of research on farm animals. Track the evolution of industry basic and applied research as a result of the work of scientists in the scientific field for the needs of livestock practice. During the study period (1932-1999) the institution changed its name several times: Southern Institute of Dairy Science (1930-1934), Ukrainian Research Institute of Cattle (1934-1935), Ukrainian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry (1935-1956) , Research Institute of Animal Husbandry of the Forest-Steppe and Polissya of the Ukrainian SSR (1956–1992), Institute of Animal Husbandry of UAAS (1992–2010), now - Institute of Animal Husbandry of NAAS. The formation of scientific research on the problems of artificial insemination dates back to 1932-1941. In the period of postwar reconstruction (1946-1948), scientific topics are characterized by more in-depth development of topics and experiments. The period of the highest creative activity of scientists in 1949–1990 - the existing and new methods of artificial insemination were improved. With the opening of state breeding stations and artificial insemination stations, the widespread use of this method in the practice of animal husbandry began. IV Smirnov's work was the impetus for the development of methods for freezing and long-term storage of sperm of broodstock. Embryo transplant work has been developed. The embryo has been established to implement the latest advances in farm animal biotechnology and to significantly expand the scope of international scientific contacts. At the beginning of the period of revival of Ukrainian statehood: 1991 - 1999 the issues of animal reproduction theory and further improvement on this basis of technologies for obtaining, cryopreservation and use of gametes and zygotes in artificial insemination and embryo transplantation, as well as development of more efficient biological environments and technical means new technologies.
Науково-технічний бюлетень ІТ НААН -№121 60 all experimental groups had a greater absolute live weight increase than the heifers in the control groups.A similar pattern was observed for the growth rate of heifers. Thus, the average daily gains of body weight in the experimental heifers, which were kept in cages on deep straw bedding, were: the first series 800 ± 50 g, the second -900 ± 30 g, the third -1020 g, the fourth -1120 g, the fifth -1220 g, whereas in the control group, respectively: 600 ± 55 g, 600 ± 35 g, 680 ± 35 g, 560 ± 35 and 640 ± 35 g (p≤0.001 in all cases) in favor of the animals of the experimental group. пошукач Ткачова І. В., д. с.-г. н., с. н. с. Кунець В. В., к. іст. н., с. н. с. Інститут тваринництва НААН Метою досліджень було вивчення впливу коней тракененської породи на формування популяції української верхової породи від початку її створення і на усіх етапах селекційного удосконалення. Початок роботи з виведення української верхової породної групи коней характеризується випробуванням різних варіантів схрещувань, добором якісного селекційного матеріалу, в тому числі плідників і кобил тракененської породи. У подальшій роботі збільшилась роль тракененських жеребців. На початок апробації половина кобила маточного складу кінних заводів були одержані від схрещування з тракененською породою. На час затвердження породи (1990 р.) збільшилася кількість кобил бажаних генеалогічних комплексів: англо-російсько-тракено-угорського, англо-тракено-угорського, англо-ганновероугорського, англо-угорського, які у сумі складали 76,1 %. При закладанні генеалогічних ліній в українській верховій породі значну роль зіграли жеребці-плідники тракененської породи: Тайфун, Т 11 Водопад, Т 54 Хобота 106, Т 109 Еол, а також помісні: 2 Безпечний, Т 09 Хінін 73. Аналіз походження кобил -родоначальниць маточних родин в українській верховій породі показав, що родоводи провідних з них побудовані на основі тракененської породи. Найчисельніша маточна родина 159 Теми -дочки тракененського жеребця Тайфуна, складає 13,2 % маток української верхової породи. Всього у породі кобил, що належать до маточних родин тракененського походження -37,9 %. За результатами оцінки жеребців, що використовувались у селекційному процесі у період 2005-2015 років, до відтворення коней української верхової породи було дібрано 199 жеребців-плідників, у тому числі 20 (10,1 %) -тракененської породи.
ing frequencies of factors of blood groups. The EAB system of blood groups showed an increase in the value of the homozygosity coefficient from 2.12 % to 2.89 % and the degree of homozygosity (H) from 6.69 % to 7.83 % for the 20-year population study period. The data obtained is a reflection of the decrease in the overall reserve of genetic variability of the studied herd. When conducting genetic monitoring, as well as to control genetic diversity, the level of homo-and heterozygosity of cattle populations, it is recommended to use immunogenetic methods that allow the genetic level to control the genotypic situation and promptly adjust the breeding stratege.
An attempt is made to concentrate this research in the field of the scientific heritage of Academician UAAS G. Bogdanov, due to certain retrospective and prospective reasons. The main scientific research of Bogdanov O. devoted to the development of theoretical bases of animals’ feeding farms, technologies of feed production and use were carried out in the period connected with work at the Research Institute of Animal Husbandry of the Forest-Steppe and Polissya of the USSR (1956–1976, now the Institute of Animal Husbandry NAAS). Developing the theoretical and practical positions of the classics of domestic zootechnical science I.Belgovsky and P. Pshenichny, Academician G. Bogdanov together with the scientific school created by him laid the foundation for the domestic and made a significant contribution to the world science of farm animal feeding and technology production of high quality feed. The creative heritage of the scientist includes patterns of energy, protein, amino acid, mineral, vitamin nutrition of cattle, pigs, sheep; norms and technologies of full-fledged feeding of farm animals; theoretical bases of formation of meat productivity of cattle in ontogenesis and substantiation of breed technologies of intensive beef production in Ukraine. The result long period of work of the scientist and his colleagues was represented in 2012 of the conceptual work "Theory and practice of normalized feeding of cattle". Research in the physiology and biochemistry of ruminants has led to the creation of new concepts for the evaluation of feed protein and protein rationing for highly productive animals, which gave impetus to the development of innovative feed additives based on protected protein and starch. Given the topic of our article, the work of the scientist, dedicated to the feeding of highly productive cattle, is singled out and considered.
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