A dermatofitose é uma afecção fúngica que pode acometer cães e gatos de diversas idades. Uma apresentação pouco comum para esta doença é sua forma nodular, chamada quérion. Diversas técnicas são indicadas na literatura para o diagnóstico, dentre elas destaca-se a citologia por ser uma técnica de simples execução, pouco dispendiosa e rápida. Neste relato uma fêmea canina foi atendida apresentando um aumento de volume em região de pálpebra superior direita. Ao exame físico dermatológico, a lesão encontrava-se alopécica e inflamada, com presença de conteúdo viscoso à palpação, sendo compatível com quérion dermatofítico. Foi realizado exame citológico com punção por agulha fina, bem como cultura fúngica da secreção proveniente da lesão. A avaliação citológica revelou infiltrado inflamatório e estruturas compatíveis com artroconídeos fúngicos. Após 30 dias da semeadura ocorreu crescimento de colônias de Microsporum canis. A terapia da paciente baseou-se no uso de Itraconazol em suspensão (10mg/kg/dia) por um período de 45 dias. Ao final do tratamento obteve-se cura clínica, com ausência de processo inflamatório e total repilação do local lesionado.

Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a multifactorial allergic disease associated with immune dysfunction and an abnormal skin barrier. Together, these factors result in cutaneous inflammatory and infectious processes with different injury patterns. The clinical understanding and diagnosis of these patterns are crucial for the best clinical management of the atopic patient. As it is often a clinical challenge for the veterinarian, the objective of the present study was to describe the follow-up of ten cases of canine atopic dermatitis. Therefore, a retrospective analysis of ten dogs diagnosed with cAD was performed, from crisis control therapy to maintenance therapy. Dogs received an individualized treatment approach based on their different clinical manifestations. All selected dogs showed an adequate response to the proposed treatments, which provided control of the inflammatory and pruritic stimulus. From the above, it was concluded that canine atopic dermatitis has different clinical patterns and, therefore, individualized therapeutic strategies should be adopted for a better clinical resolution.

No abstract

Background: Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL) is a multisystemic and chronic inflammatory disease characterized by nonspecific clinical manifestations. In CanL, inflammatory cells and chemical mediators released in response to the parasite play a role in disease development and progression. Alterations on hematological parameters have been documented in CanL. These changes can also be assessed in relation to systemic inflammation caused by this disease. The circulating leukocyte counting, such as neutrophils, as well as the albumin level, are considered direct indicators of an inflammatory host environment. Several studies point to the use of biomarkers on the assistance in diagnosis and prognosis of several canine pathologies. The present study investigated the Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Albumin to Globulin Ratio (AGR), and Neutrophils to Albumin Ratio (NAR) on systemic inflammatory response induced by Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL).Materials, Methods & Results: For this purpose, adult dogs with confirmed diagnosis to CanL were divided into symptomatic (SD, n = 33) and asymptomatic (AD, n = 20) dogs for L. infantum and control dogs (CD, n = 20). Routine hematological and biochemical parameters were determined in blood samples using a veterinary automatic hematology and biochemical analyzers. Asymptomatic dogs (AD) had a higher number of white blood cells and neutrophils (16.48 ± 4.93; 13.41 ± 3.60, respectively) in relation to symptomatic dogs (SD) (13.54 ± 5.13; 10.42± 3.69, respectively) (P = 0.015 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was higher in dogs with leishmaniasis (9.45 ± 3.76) than in healthy dogs (3.39 ± 1.19) (P < 0.0001). Serum total proteins (STP) and globulins increased in CanL, while albumin and AGR decreased in CanL, when compared to CD and references values to canine species. Neutrophils to Albumin Ratio (NAR) was higher in AD and SD (5.02 ± 1.14; 4.79 ± 1.07, respectively) when compared to CD (2.36 ± 0.55) (P < 0.0001). Discussion: As reported in scientific researches, dogs with Leishmaniasis present alterations in circulating cell counts. Based on these data, we decided to expand this information using the NLR as a parameter in an attempt to better clarify the changes in these cells in CanL. We observed that NLR was increased on CanL in relation to healthy dogs, which could be a consequence of relative neutrophilia rather than lymphopenia. Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a biomarker that conveys information about inflammatory conditions. An elevated NLR can reflect an upregulated innate immune response, since neutrophils are effector cells of innate immunity and are involved in several acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Albumin is an acute phase protein that is considered an immune-inflammatory biomarker, which can be found reduced systemically in progressive inflammatory response. Serum total proteins (STP) and globulins were increased in CanL. These data are already well documented in CanL, which serum globulins are mainly associated with the increase of acute phase proteins, cytokines, and increase of specific antibodies to Leishmaniainfantum. Our results showed neutrophilia with hypoalbuminemia in CanL. So, in an attempt to assess the relationship of these two available markers, we used NAR calculation in order to evaluate the changes induced by CanL. In this study NAR was higher in CanL when compared to control dogs. Thus, our data indicate that NLR and NAR could be used as biomarkers in veterinary medical clinics in order to assess inflammatory profile in CanL, mainly in asymptomatic dogs. These parameters obtained from routine blood tests might be useful as cost-effective, easily accessible and helpful markers in order to distinguish the inflammatory response intensity in CanL.

Alopecia X (AX) is a non-inflammatory and non-pruritic skin disease characterized by progressive hair loss. The most commonly affected dogs are male Pomeranian, Chow-Chow and Poodles. Although there is a similarity with endocrinopathies that course with dermatological changes, AX does not bring systemic harm to affected dogs. The diagnosis is based on the exclusion of other diseases that lead to hair loss, in addition to systemic diseases. As it is a disease rarely reported in the literature, the objective of the present work is to make a retrospective study of seven cases of dogs with AX treated in clinical routine, from diagnosis to therapeutic results. At the time, the dogs received a similar therapeutic approach, which consisted of the orchiectomy process, followed by supplementation with omega-3 and vitamin complex. Only one dog was not neutered, due to constant platelet changes. Two dogs underwent the microneedling technique due to partial response to conventional treatment and only one of them showed complete repilation. From the above, it is considered that AX is a disease present in the dermatological routine of dogs and that the recognition of its lesion pattern is important for a better diagnostic and therapeutic direction. In addition, it was observed that, although all the therapies employed resulted in an improvement in hair growth, the therapeutic response was variable, so that some dogs may not show complete repilation. Further researches involving therapy comparison are encouraged in order to provide a better understading of their efficiency.