Some law schools in IntisariBeberapa fakultas hukum di Indonesia menolak penelitian sosio-legal dengan argumentasi epistemologis yang menempatkan ilmu hukum sebagai sui generis. Penolakan tersebut didasarkan argumentasi bahwa ilmu hukum adalah ilmu yang bersifat normatif. Kenyataannya studi sosio-legal dalam perkembangan ilmu hukum di luar Indonesia telah lama eksis dan berperan dalam pembaharuan hukum. Selain itu, studi sosiolegal juga berperan dalam pembaharuan hukum. Hal ini disebabkan adanya aspek-aspek nondoktrinal yang berperan dalam pembentukan hukum dan implementasi hukum di masyarakat. Oleh karena itu kedudukan dan relevansi penelitian sosio-legal pada ada tidaknya manfaat yang diberikan bagi perkembangan hukum nasional ataupun ilmu hukum. Kata kunci: sui generis, pendekatan interdisipliner, pembaharuan hukum
Earlier studies have examined the discriminatory effects of laws and policies against the adherents of indigenous beliefs—Aliran Kepercayaan—in Indonesia. However, those studies do not show how the politics of law were developed through the prior sociopolitical processes in Indonesia’s legislative history. This study analyzes how and why the government initiated and later put an end to discrimination against adherents of Aliran Kepercayaan—at least in the realm of population administration. Under the New Order era, political battles gave birth to the politics of law discriminating against the Aliran Kepercayaan adherents. Weakening political resistance in the Reformasi era as well as judicial review before the Constitutional Court forced the government to partially relax its discriminatory laws and policies. Nonetheless, progressive initiatives from secular nationalist parties have yet to be taken in order to further ensure equality for all minority—religious—groups within Indonesian society before the law.
<p><strong>Abstrak</strong><br />Prinsip diskresi adalah prinsip yang penting sebagai panduan bagi pemerintah untuk mengambil tindakan. Sebagaimana halnya hakim yang tidak boleh menolak perkara dengan alasan tidak ada hukumnya, maka pemerintah pun tidak dapat menolak mengambil tindakan dalam keadaan genting dengan alasan tidak ada dasar hukumnya. Produk hukum yang merupakan keluaran dari diskresi tersebut berupa peraturan kebijakan (beleidsregels atau policy rules). Walaupun dalam praktik penyelenggaraan pemerintahan seringkali menggunakan peraturan kebijakan tetapi belum ada peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur penggunaan peraturan kebijakan sebagai bentuk diskresi. Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan sebagai payung bagi hukum administrasi negara di Indonesia juga tidak mengatur peraturan kebijakan. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji konsep peraturan kebijakan untuk diintrodusir ke dalam UU Administrasi Pemerintahan agar terdapat pengaturan yang utuh dari diskresi hingga bentuk-bentuk dari diskresi, salah satunya peraturan kebijakan.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><br />The principle of discretion is an important principle as a guide for the government to take action. As in the case of judges who may not refuse a case with no legal reason, then the government can't refuse to take action in conjuncture with the reason no legal basis. Although in practice governance policies often use policy rules, but there is no legislation governing the use of policy rules as a form of discretion. Act No. 30 of 2014 on Public Administration as an umbrella for administrative law in Indonesia is not set policy rules. This paper will review the policy rules concept to be introduced into the reform of Public Administration Act. The reform of Public Administration Act will make the Act have the whole concept of discretion.</p>
Statistical data showed that in 2017 only 67.89% household in Indonesia had access to proper sanitation. On the other hand, the National Medium-Term Development Plan targeted 100% universal access in 2019 that means in 2019 each household should have access to proper sanitation. However, the 2017 data of the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing showed that, only 34, out of 541 municipalities/ cities in Indonesia, have domestic wastewater regulations. This study aims to identify some issues hindering acceleration of the establishment of regional regulations on wastewater management; the goal of the regulations is 100% universal access in 2019. Establishment of domestic wastewater management regulation in the regions in Indonesia is hampered by multisectoral regulation in the national level that is closely related to the domestic wastewater sector. Domestic wastewater management is influenced heavily by the regulations in other sectors. Health, public housing and drinking water are three sectors connected to domestic wastewater. However, Indonesian government simplified domestic wastewater management in the regional level by putting Ministerial Decree on Domestic Wastewater Management System as the major guideline in establishment of local regulations.
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