Few pharmacological and toxicological studies have been conducted to demonstrate the usefulness and safety of using the Jatropha dioica extract. The aim of this study was to update the state of the art on the chemical composition, pharmacology, and toxicology of the species J. dioica, to find new possible applications. A search of different databases was carried out on the internet, specifically in Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCO, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Springer Link, with the keyword being "Jatropha dioica". Despite the limited results with regard to the plant toxicity, it was shown that the extract to use is innocuous. In addition, it was found that J. dioica could be employed as an antioxidant, antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral agent. Although promising, more scientific research is needed to further validate the ethno pharmacological use of the J. dioica extracts.
Este artículo fue aprobado para publicación en el v68n3 de la Revista de la Facultad de Medicina teniendo en cuenta los conceptos de los pares evaluadores y los cambios realizados por los autores según estos conceptos. Por lo tanto, se publica la versión preliminar del artículo para su consulta y citación provisional, pero debe aclararse que esta puede diferir del documento final, ya que no ha completado las etapas finales del proceso editorial (corrección de estilo, traducción y diagramación) y solo los títulos, datos de autores, palabras clave y resúmenes corresponden a la versión final del artículo.Esta versión puede consultarse, descargarse y citarse según se indique a continuación, pero debe recordarse que el documento final (PDF, HTML y XML) puede ser diferente. ABSTRACT Introduction: Medicinal plants have been used to cure or alleviate infectious and non-infectious diseases. They are widely accepted due to their low cost and low toxicity indexes. These plants are frequently used in cases involving skin irritation, superficial wounds, insect bites and snake bites. Objective: To compile available evidence on the main therapeutic uses and phytochemical components of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (popularly known as chaya), a plant that grows in tropical regions of Mexico and Central America. Materials and methods: A literature review of studies on C. aconitifolius published until 2017 was conducted in the following databases: BIREME, PubMed/Medline, Elsevier and SciELO. Descriptors "Cnidoscolus" and "aconitifoloius" were used for the literature search, and no language restrictions were applied.Results: 82 articles were retrieved after completing the initial search.Once the studies were filtered by title (descriptors in the title) and duplicates were removed, 18 articles were reviewed. Based on the information
Objetivo: demostrar que la agricultura es el inicio de un proceso autogenerador ligado a la producción y consumo de alimentos que permitan mejorar el estado nutricional y de salud promoviendo la seguridad alimentaria en dos comunidades rurales de Quintana Roo, México. Metodología: estudio cualitativo de corte trasversal y analítico que se realizó en San Pedro Peralta y Lázaro Cárdenas del Río II, Othón P. Blanco, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, con un muestreo no probabilístico realizando trabajo de campo y aplicación de encuestas alimentarias para conocer los productos consumidos y sus frecuencias para determinar el estado de nutrición, seguridad alimentaria y la salud de los participantes. Resultados: casi el 60 % de los encuestados tienen una buena alimentación que consiguen mayormente en tiendas de su propia comunidad y un 20 % proviene de su propia producción. Limitaciones: el presente estudio no alcanzó a cubrir la totalidad de hogares, por falta de tiempo en la visita a las comunidades, sin embargo, es una muestra representativa que nos arroja una perspectiva de la situación alimentaria en estos dos municipios. Conclusiones: existe un nivel de seguridad alimenticia dado que existe una relación entre lo que se produce y consume localmente que atienden a la nutrición y sus enfermedades. Esto verifica que existe un sistema auto sostenido que inicia con la agricultura y que garantiza la seguridad alimentaria. Hay posibilidades de mejorar o aumentar la seguridad alimentaria a través de la información sobre la importancia de la agricultura, la nutrición y la salud.
The species Calophyllum brasiliense Cambés (Calophyllaceae) is widespread throughout Central and South America. The stem bark infusion is used for lowering blood glucose. Aim: To optimize the spray dry extract of this plant using a D-optimal experimental design. Materials and methods: As factors were used the air-drying speed (3.5-4.5 m3/h), the feed flow rate of the suspension (5-11 mL/min), and the inlet air temperature (90-130 °C). The dried extract was character-ized by measuring the phenolics and flavonoids content, moisture, the water activity, apparent densities, flowability, and compressibility. The antioxidant activity, the inhibitory activity of lipase and alpha-glycosidase, and the antiglycant activity of the spray dried extract (SDE) were evaluated. Subsequently, the hypoglycemic activity was evaluated in rats by monitoring the blood glucose level, triglycerides, and choles-terol. Results: Inlet air temperature and feed flow rate were the factors that most affected the yield and phenolic content. SDE showed a potent antioxidant effect (IC50 1.83 μg/mL), a potent α-glycosidase (IC50 74.45 μg/mL) and pancreatic lipase (IC50 27.33 μg/mL) inhibition. A potent antiglycation effect (IC50 9.45μg/mL) was also observed. Conclusion: the SDE showed a potent hypoglycemic effect at 100 mg/kg. These results suggest that SDE could activate four important pathways that can contribute to diabetes control.
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