The current investigation was carried out to determine the possible phytocomponents present in the different extracts of Shorea robusta using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The dried powdered resin of Shorea robusta was extracted exhaustively by Soxhlet apparatus with different solvents such as methanol, ethanol and chloroform. The prepared extracts were analyzed by GC-MS to identify and characterize the phytocomponents present in the crude extracts. Qualitative determination of different phytocomponents from crude extracts of Shorea robusta using GC-MS revealed different types of high and low molecular weight phytoconstituents with varying quantities present in each of the extracts. The GC-MS analysis provided a variety of peaks determining the presence of different compounds in various extracts of Shorea robusta namely Caryophyllene (1.50%), Caryophylline oxide (6.65%), Ledene oxide (11.17%), Calarene epoxide (5.15%), Alloaromadendrene oxide-(1) (8.72%), Beta-amyrin (7.99%), Alpha-amyrin (1.40%), Cycloisolongifolene (2.54%), Isolongifolene (4.73%), Silane (2.64%). The three extracts possess major phytoconstituents that were identified and characterized spectroscopically. The abundance of phytoconstituents was found to decrease in the order: methanol extract>ethanol extract>chloroform extract.
The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.
Shorea robusta (Shal) is an important traditional Indian medicinal plant used in various ailments and rituals. The use of different parts of this plant like leaves and resin as a medicament for treatment of various conditions is well documented in literature. However, the studies on phytochemical constituents and medicinal properties in the resin of this plant are scanty. All three samples carried out microscopic characters, ash values, extractive values, T.L.C., and chemical tests. The extractability of methanol, ethanol and chloroform extracts of Shorea robusta were found to be 44.85%, 48.57% and 4.48% respectively. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts of Shorea robusta revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids and amino acids. The presence of alkaloids and triterpenoids were confirmed by qualitative tests followed by TLC.Key Words: Shorea robusta, phytochemical analysis, triterpenoids, flavonoids.
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