We describe a systematic approach to the ultrasound (US) examination of the antropyloric region in children. US is the modality of choice for the diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). The imaging features of the normal pylorus and the diagnostic findings in HPS are reviewed and illustrated in this pictorial essay. Common difficulties in performing the examination and tips to help overcome them will also be discussed.Main Messages• Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis is defined by thickening of the muscular layer and failure in relaxation of the pyloric canal.• The main diagnostic criterion is a measurement of more than 3mm in thickness of the muscular layer.• Abnormal elongation of the canal is characterised as greater than 12 mm in length.
We report the MRI and pathological findings of a 53-year-old woman with a giant skull metastasis from a Hürthle cell variant of thyroid's papillary carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a skull metastasis from a Hürthle cell variant of thyroid's papillary carcinoma.
Developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are extremely unusual in the cerebellopontine angle region and internal auditory canal, and constitute a rare etiology of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children. We report, to the best of our knowledge, one of the first documented cases of DVA as a probable cause of unilateral SNHL in a child. Our emphasis is on the radiological features.
The eXTP (enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry) mission is a major project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and China National Space Administration (CNSA) currently performing an extended phase A study and proposed for a launch by 2025 in a low-earth orbit. The eXTP scientific payload envisages a suite of instruments (Spectroscopy Focusing Array, Polarimetry Focusing Array, Large Area Detector and Wide Field Monitor) offering unprecedented simultaneous wide-band X-ray spectral, timing and polarimetry sensitivity. A large European consortium is contributing to the eXTP study and it is expected to provide key hardware elements, including a Large Area Detector (LAD). The LAD instrument for eXTP is based on the design originally proposed for the LOFT mission within the ESA context. The eXTP/LAD envisages a deployed 3.4 m 2 effective area in the 2-30 keV energy range, achieved through the technology of the large-area Silicon Drift Detectors -offering a spectral resolution of up to 200 eV FWHM at 6 keV -and of capillary plate collimators -limiting the field of view to about 1 degree. In this paper we provide an overview of the LAD instrument design, including new elements with respect to the earlier LOFT configuration.
A fascite necrosante (FN) é uma infecção rara e grave que acomete o tecido subcutâneo e a fáscia muscular, progredindo rapidamente e resultando em quadros de necrose extensa. A maioria dos casos ocorre na região de abdômen, extremidades e períneo, sendo menos comum em cabeça e pescoço devido ao alto suprimento vascular nessa região. Porém, a ocorrência de uma fascite necrosante cervical (FNC) pode ser fatal, sendo as causas mais comuns as infecções odontogênicas e faríngeas
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