The article deals with the problem of mythopoetics in the Yakut literature, in particular, in the works of the first Yakut classical writers A.E. Kulakovsky, A.I. Sofronov, P.A. Oyunsky. Early mythology becomes a sign of one of the sources for the emerging Yakut literature and its national identity, reflecting the original mythological consciousness of the people. Mythological traditions pass into the category of written literature, as they realize its artistic functions. The first writers revealed the ideas of their works through mythopoetics, used mythopoetics in creating unique images and plots. In difficult times for the Yakut people, writers had to create allegorical works in which mythopoetics became a way of allegorical expression of the content of works. Thus, mythopoetics played a huge role in the work of the first Yakut writers. They, using mythopoetics, were able to create their major philosophical works, significant in the Yakut literature to the present day. Writers raised the problems of the survival of the people in the tragic circumstances, deepening and broadening the universal sound of their works.
Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются особенности тематики произведений Андрея Кривошапкина. Цель исследования-определить основную тему творчества эвенского писателя. В произведениях А. Кривошапкина поднимаются проблемы выживания этноса и сохранения родного языка. Основными героями его творчества выступают Олень и Эвен. Устанавливается, что главной темой писателя является жизнь родного народа. Научная новизна состоит в том, что впервые исследуется оригинальная тема творчества эвенского писателя и утверждается, что он, изображая особый мир эвена и его национальный характер, создает полнокровное изображение уклада жизни народов Арктики. В результате доказано, что А. Кривошапкин является транслятором национального духа, выразившим надежды и чаяния всех народов Севера.
This paper presents the problems of interpretation of Platon Alekseyevich Oyunsky's (1893-1939) personality, the Yakut classic writer, in terms of his self-identification, finding his place in literature, society and, in general, history, his struggle for truth and universal human values. The article uses a set of such traditional methods as historical-functional, typological and comparative. Interpretation of P. Oyunsky's contextual levels of creativity will allow to delve into the creative core of the writer, and reveal both his tasks and achievements in fiction. In the end of the analysis of the writer's creativity contexts, the integrity of his personality will be revealed. The artistic concept of Oyunsky's reality is realized in his philosophical works-"Nyukuus the Madman", "The Red Shaman", "Kudangsa the Great", "Alexander the Great", which become the starting point for the evolution of his worldview. The writer was looking for answers not only to hot-button issues of society, but he also talked about universal and eternal problems of existence. Particular attention was paid to the creation of heroic characters, fighting for the happiness of the people and changing the world. Oyunsky created Yakut literature of a new type, he became a writer of romanticism. The study of the literary context in the writer's work presupposes insight into the semantic depths of works to comprehend the author's concept of reality. Oyunsky, as a writer-philosopher, reflected on the universal problems of life and death, the appointment of man and his fate, the role of great people in history, the struggle between Good and Evil, Mind and Force. Oyunsky showed the triumph of Mind in his works, the eternal truths of mankind and foresaw that thanks to creativity, his name will not be forgotten by the people.
The subject of this research is the creative path of N. D. Neustroev (1895–1929) – one of the first three founders of the Yakut literature. The object of this research is his literary works in the Russian and Yakut languages. The article examines such aspects of the topic as the pioneer of novella and comedy in the Yakut literature, and writing style. Special attention is given to the description of writer's contribution to development of the genres of Yakut literature, in which depicted the Yakut life and revealed the peculiarities of national character. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the fact that the works of N. D. Neustroev are poorly studied. The main results consists in determining the contribution of N. D. Neustroev to the development of Yakut literature; viewing him as the founder of the genres of novella and comedy in the Yakut literature; examining his works as continuation of the traditions of A. Kulakovsky and A. Sofronov in the area of problematic, themes and images. Analysis is conducted on the genre varieties of the novellas of N. D. Neustroev, beginning with the social and routine to the adventurous and philosophical. The novelty of this article consists in introduction of the essays and novellas of N. D. Neustroev into the scientific discourse for the first time.
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